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Cocoa is Apple's native object-oriented application programming interface (API) for its desktop operating system macOS.. Cocoa consists of the Foundation Kit, Application Kit, and Core Data frameworks, as included by the Cocoa.h header file, and the libraries and frameworks included by those, such as the C standard library and the Objective-C runtime.
The Cocoa text system (formerly known simply by the primary class name NSText) is the linked network of classes, protocols, interfaces and objects that provide typography and text field editing capabilities and to Cocoa applications on Apple's macOS, where it is the primary text-handling system. [1]
Mac OS X uses Cocoa. Mac OS 9 and Mac OS X used to use Carbon for 32-bit applications. The Windows API used in Microsoft Windows. Microsoft had the graphics functions integrated in the kernel until 2006 [1] The Haiku operating system uses an extended and modernised version of the Be API that was used by its predecessor BeOS. Haiku is expected ...
Cocoa was a descendant of APIs inherited from OPENSTEP with no ancestry from the classic Mac OS, while Carbon was an adaptation of classic Mac OS APIs, allowing Mac software to be minimally rewritten to run natively on Mac OS X. [19] The Cocoa API was created as the result of a 1993 collaboration between NeXT Computer and Sun Microsystems.
Later, AppKit and Foundation became part of Cocoa, the Objective-C API framework of macOS. GNUstep, GNU's implementation of the OpenStep/Cocoa API, also contains an implementation of the AppKit API. AppKit comprises a collection of Objective-C classes and protocols that can be used to build an
The Finder, for instance, remained a Carbon application for many years, only being ported to Cocoa with the release of Mac OS X 10.6 in 2009. [ 3 ] The transition to 64-bit Macintosh applications beginning with Mac OS X v10.5 , released October 26, 2007, brought the first major limitations to Carbon.
The Foundation Kit is part of the macOS Cocoa API. Beginning as the successor to OPENSTEP/Mach, this framework has deviated from OpenStep compliance, and is in some places incompatible. The Foundation Kit is in the iOS Cocoa Touch API. This framework is based on the macOS Cocoa.
Interface Builder is a software development application for Apple's macOS operating system. It is part of Xcode (formerly Project Builder), the Apple Developer developer's toolset. Interface Builder allows Cocoa and Carbon developers to create interfaces for applications using a graphical user interface.