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L-Ribulose 5-phosphate 4-epimerase catalyzes the epimerization of L-ribulose 5-phosphate to D-xylulose 5-phosphate by retro-aldol cleavage and subsequent aldol reaction.The proposed mechanism involves the abstraction of the proton from the hydroxyl group on C-4, followed by cleavage of the bond between C-3 and C-4 to give a metal-stabilized acetone enediolate and a glycolaldehyde phosphate ...
However, the 231 Pa (with a half-life of 3.27 × 10 4 years) formed via (n,2n) reactions with 232 Th (yielding 231 Th that decays to 231 Pa), while not a transuranic waste, is a major contributor to the long-term radiotoxicity of spent nuclear fuel. While 231 Pa can in principle be converted back to 232
231 Th has 141 neutrons. It is the decay product of uranium-235. It is found in very small amounts on the earth and has a half-life of 25.5 hours. [53] When it decays, it emits a beta ray and forms protactinium-231. It has a decay energy of 0.39 MeV. It has a mass of 231.0363043 u.
Two radiometric dating methods involve thorium isotopes: uranium–thorium dating, based on the decay of 234 U to 230 Th, and ionium–thorium dating, which measures the ratio of 232 Th to 230 Th. [e] These rely on the fact that 232 Th is a primordial radioisotope, but 230 Th only occurs as an intermediate decay product in the decay chain of ...
Protactinium-231 arises naturally from the decay of natural uranium-235, and artificially in nuclear reactors by the reaction 232 Th + n → 231 Th + 2n and the subsequent beta decay of 231 Th. It was once thought to be able to support a nuclear chain reaction, which could in principle be used to build nuclear weapons ; the physicist Walter ...
The House of Representatives is likely to again be under GOP rule next year, cementing a unified control of power across Washington in 2025.
We wish we would've known this with our puppy!
Higher levels of omega-6 fatty acids often found in ultraprocessed foods may interfere with the immune system’s fight against cancer cells, a new study says.