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Wireshark is a data capturing program that "understands" the structure (encapsulation) of different networking protocols. It can parse and display the fields, along with their meanings as specified by different networking protocols. Wireshark uses pcap to capture packets, so it can only capture packets on the types of networks that pcap supports.
In the field of computer network administration, pcap is an application programming interface (API) for capturing network traffic.While the name is an abbreviation of packet capture, that is not the API's proper name.
Packet capture is the process of intercepting and logging traffic. As data streams flow across the network, the analyzer captures each packet and, if needed, decodes the packet's raw data, showing the values of various fields in the packet, and analyzes its content according to the appropriate RFC or other specifications.
A number of 802.11 sensors and Access Points use the TZSP protocol for packet capture. It is an open protocol that was designed to encapsulate other protocols over UDP.The primary use for this protocol has been the capture of wireless traffic and transmission of them over a wired network.
A packet capture appliance is a standalone device that performs packet capture. [1] Packet capture appliances may be deployed anywhere on a network, however, most commonly are placed at the entrances to the network (i.e. the internet connections) and in front of critical equipment, such as servers containing sensitive information.
tcpdump prints the contents of network packets. It can read packets from a network interface card or from a previously created saved packet file. tcpdump can write packets to standard output or a file. It is also possible to use tcpdump for the specific purpose of intercepting and displaying the communications of another user or computer.
Wireshark, or also named Ethereal, is a widely used open-source eavesdropping tool in the real world. Most of the features in Ethereal are packet-oriented and contain a TCP reassembly option for experiments on tracking intrusion attempts. [3]
Marcus Ranum is credited with defining Network forensics as "the capture, recording, and analysis of network events in order to discover the source of security attacks or other problem incidents". [4] Compared to computer forensics, where evidence is usually preserved on disk, network data is more volatile and unpredictable.