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Anaerobic bacteria can be divided into strict anaerobes that can not grow in the presence of more than 0.5% oxygen and moderate anaerobic bacteria that are able of growing between 2 and 8% oxygen. [1] Anaerobic bacteria usually do not possess catalase, but some can generate superoxide dismutase which protects them from oxygen.
An anaerobic organism or anaerobe is any organism that does not require molecular oxygen for growth. It may react negatively or even die if free oxygen is present. In contrast, an aerobic organism (aerobe) is an organism that requires an oxygenated environment. Anaerobes may be unicellular (e.g. protozoans, [1] bacteria [2]) or multicellular. [3]
Most often anaerobic gram-positive cocci are usually recovered mixed in with other anaerobic or aerobic bacteria from various infections at different sites of the human body. This contributes to the difficulty of isolating Peptostreptococcus organisms.
The remaining bacteria listed do not form endospores. [5] Several species of the Mycobacterium, Streptomyces, and Rhodococcus genera are examples of obligate anaerobe found in soil. [10] Obligate anaerobes are also found in the digestive tracts of humans and other animals as well as in the first stomach of ruminants. [11]
A facultative anaerobic organism is an organism that makes ATP by aerobic respiration if oxygen is present, but is capable of switching to fermentation if oxygen is absent. [1] [2] Some examples of facultatively anaerobic bacteria are Staphylococcus spp., [3] Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Listeria spp., [4] Shewanella oneidensis and Yersinia ...
Bifidobacterium is a genus of gram-positive, nonmotile, often branched anaerobic bacteria.They are ubiquitous inhabitants of the gastrointestinal tract [2] [3] though strains have been isolated from the vagina [4] and mouth of mammals, including humans.
Anaerococcus is a genus of bacteria. Its type species is Anaerococcus prevotii. [1] These bacteria are Gram-positive and strictly anaerobic. [2] [3] [4] The genus Anaerococcus was proposed in 2001. [2] [4] Its genome was sequenced in August 2009. The genus Anaerococcus is one of six genera classified within the group GPAC (Gram-Positive ...
Clostridium is a genus of anaerobic, Gram-positive bacteria.Species of Clostridium inhabit soils and the intestinal tracts of animals, including humans. [1] This genus includes several significant human pathogens, including the causative agents of botulism and tetanus.