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In SGML, HTML and XML documents, the logical constructs known as character data and attribute values consist of sequences of characters, in which each character can manifest directly (representing itself), or can be represented by a series of characters called a character reference, of which there are two types: a numeric character reference and a character entity reference.
HTML markup consists of several key components, including those called tags (and their attributes), character-based data types, character references and entity references. HTML tags most commonly come in pairs like < h1 > and </ h1 >, although some represent empty elements and so are unpaired, for example < img >.
Incorrect HTML entity escaping may also open up security vulnerabilities for injection attacks such as cross-site scripting. If HTML attributes are left unquoted, certain characters, most importantly whitespace, such as space and tab, must be escaped using entities. Other languages related to HTML have their own methods of escaping characters.
An empty element may be: An empty HTML element, one with tag(s) but no content (HTML element § Empty element) An empty XML element, one with tag(s) but no content (XML § Key terminology) An empty SGML element, one with tag(s) but no content (Standard Generalized Markup Language § EMPTY).
List of XML and HTML character entity references; Non-breaking hyphen – Punctuation mark used to join words; Punctuation – Marks to indicate pacing of written text; Sentence spacing in digital media – Horizontal width of inter-sentence space; Space (punctuation) – Blank area that separates text
Web pages authored using HyperText Markup Language may contain multilingual text represented with the Unicode universal character set.Key to the relationship between Unicode and HTML is the relationship between the "document character set", which defines the set of characters that may be present in an HTML document and assigns numbers to them, and the "external character encoding", or "charset ...
The HTML entity is a non-breaking, or hard, space. It renders like a normal space " ", but prevents a line wrap from occurring, like this: It renders like a normal space " ", but prevents a line wrap from occurring, like this:
A whitespace character is a character data element that represents white space when text is rendered for display by a computer.. For example, a space character (U+0020 SPACE, ASCII 32) represents blank space such as a word divider in a Western script.