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As of May 2000, 42 of the 50 largest U.S. cities had water fluoridation. [29] According to a 2002 study, [30] 67% of U.S. residents were living in communities with fluoridated water at that time. The U.S. Centers for Disease Control has identified community water fluoridation as one of ten great public health achievements of the 20th century. [31]
Fluoride pollution from various industrial emissions can also contaminate water supplies. In a few areas of the United States, fluoride concentrations in water are much higher than normal, mostly from natural sources. In 1986, EPA established a maximum allowable concentration for fluoride in drinking water of 4 milligrams per liter (mg/L).
Water fluoridation is the controlled addition of fluoride to a public water supply to reduce tooth decay, [2] and is handled differently by countries across the world. . Fluoridated water contains fluoride at a level that is proven effective for preventing cavities; this can occur naturally or by adding fl
Rumors have circulated that drinking fluoridated water can lead to bone cancer (osteosarcoma), but long-term studies from both the UK and US haven't found any credible evidence of higher rates in ...
Studies have validated fluoride’s benefits at low levels, but newer research shows risks.
Since 2010, more than 150 towns or counties throughout the country have voted to keep fluoride out of public water systems or to stop adding it, according to the Fluoride Action Network, an anti ...
All fluoridation methods, including water fluoridation, create low levels of fluoride ions in saliva and plaque fluid, thus exerting a topical or surface effect. A person living in an area with fluoridated water may experience rises of fluoride concentration in saliva to about 0.04 mg/L several times during a day. [3]
Kentucky is the only state to require fluoridation in every community water system that serves 1,500 or more people, and as a result, 99.99 percent of residents receive fluoridated water.