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The earliest reference to the word "lyre" is the Mycenaean Greek ru-ra-ta-e, meaning "lyrists" and written in the Linear B script. [5] In classical Greek, the word "lyre" could either refer specifically to an amateur instrument, which is a smaller version of the professional cithara and eastern-Aegean barbiton, or "lyre" can refer generally to all three instruments as a family. [6]
Bowed lyre with no fingerboard 321.22-71: Switzerland: alphorn [136] [137] Long wooden conical trumpet, bent at the end, with turned boxwood mouthpieces, traditionally used by herdsmen 423.121.12 Trinidad and Tobago: steelpan [4] [138] [139] Barrel-shaped percussion instruments, tuned chromatically, originally made from discarded 55 gallon ...
The second lyre was found in 1892 within the same cemetery in Oberflacht. [4] This lyre (Oberflacht 84) was remarkably complete. [4] Oak was used for the soundbox, whereas the soundboard was made from maple. [5] The arms bent slightly outwards towards the top end, where the yoke was fastened to the arms with wooden pegs. [5] It had no sound ...
[1] [2] All of the instruments of the ancient Greek lyre family were played by strumming the strings, but modern African lyres are most often plucked; a few yoke lutes are played with a bow. [ 2 ] The sound box can be either bowl-shaped (321.21) or box-shaped (321.22).
Scholars such as M.L. West, Martha Maas, and Jane M. Snyder have made connections between the cithara and stringed instruments from ancient Anatolia. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] Whereas the basic lyra was widely used as a teaching instrument in boys’ schools, the cithara was a virtuoso's instrument and generally known as requiring a great deal of skill. [ 5 ]
The cythara is a wide group of stringed instruments of medieval and Renaissance Europe, including not only the lyre and harp but also necked, string instruments. [1] In fact, unless a medieval document gives an indication that it meant a necked instrument, then it likely was referring to a lyre.
Cylix of Apollo with the chelys lyre, on a 5th-century BC drinking cup (). The chelys or chelus (Greek: χέλυς, Latin: testudo, both meaning "turtle" or "tortoise"), was a stringed musical instrument, the common lyre of the ancient Greeks, which had a convex back of tortoiseshell or of wood shaped like the shell.
The Cylix of Apollo with the tortoise-shell lyre, on a 5th century BC drinking cup . Lyre; According to the Homeric Hymn to Hermes, after stealing his brother Apollo's sacred cattle, Hermes was inspired to build an instrument out of a tortoise shell; he attached horns, and gut-string, to the shell and invented the first lyre. Afterwards, Hermes ...