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  2. Terry v. Ohio - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terry_v._Ohio

    The court also ruled that the police officer may perform a quick surface search of the person's outer clothing for weapons if they have reasonable suspicion that the person stopped is "armed and presently dangerous." This reasonable suspicion must be based on "specific and articulable facts," and not merely upon an officer's hunch.

  3. Reasonable suspicion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reasonable_suspicion

    Reasonable suspicion is a legal standard of proof that in United States law is less than probable cause, the legal standard for arrests and warrants, but more than an "inchoate and unparticularized suspicion or 'hunch ' "; [1] it must be based on "specific and articulable facts", "taken together with rational inferences from those facts", [2] and the suspicion must be associated with the ...

  4. Stop and identify statutes - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stop_and_identify_statutes

    Ohio (1968), the U.S. Supreme Court established that it is constitutional for police to temporarily detain a person based on "specific and articulable facts" that establish reasonable suspicion that a crime has been or will be committed.

  5. Terry stop - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terry_stop

    Reasonable suspicion depends on the "totality of the circumstances". [13] Reasonable suspicion is a vague term, and the Supreme Court concluded that it is to be decided on a case-by-case basis. It often arises from a combination of facts, each of which would, in itself, not be enough justification for the stop.

  6. Adams v. Williams - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adams_v._Williams

    Adams v. United States, 407 U.S. 143 (1972), is a United States Supreme Court in which the Court held that tips from a known informant can create enough reasonable suspicion to justify a patdown under Terry v. Ohio.

  7. Investigator says recording of Ross County sheriff using ...

    www.aol.com/investigator-says-recording-ross...

    CHILLICOTHE — An investigation by the Lorain County Sheriff's Office into the recording alleged to be Ross County Sheriff George Lavender using a racial slur has determined that there is ...

  8. Drunk driving in the United States - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drunk_driving_in_the...

    Following are common procedures when a law enforcement officer has reason to suspect a driver is intoxicated. While local procedures vary under the tens of thousands of courts in the US having traffic jurisdiction, the basic procedure is: 1. reasonable suspicion 2. probable cause 3. arrest (including invoking the implied consent law)

  9. Probable cause - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Probable_cause

    In early cases in the United States, the Supreme Court held that when a person is on probation, the standard required for a search to be lawful is lowered from "probable cause" to "reasonable grounds" [10] or "reasonable suspicion". Specifically, the degree of individualized suspicion required of a search was a determination of when there is a ...