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  2. Lidar - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lidar

    Lidar is increasingly being utilized for rangefinding and orbital element calculation of relative velocity in proximity operations and stationkeeping of spacecraft. Lidar has also been used for atmospheric studies from space. Short pulses of laser light beamed from a spacecraft can reflect off tiny particles in the atmosphere and back to a ...

  3. Gauss's method - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gauss's_method

    The orbital state vectors have now been found, the position (r 2) and velocity (v 2) vector for the second observation of the orbiting body. With these two vectors, the orbital elements can be found and the orbit determined.

  4. Orbital elements - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orbital_elements

    Orbital elements are the parameters required to uniquely identify a specific orbit. In celestial mechanics these elements are considered in two-body systems using a Kepler orbit . There are many different ways to mathematically describe the same orbit, but certain schemes, each consisting of a set of six parameters, are commonly used in ...

  5. Longitude of the ascending node - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Longitude_of_the_ascending...

    The longitude of the ascending node, also known as the right ascension of the ascending node, is one of the orbital elements used to specify the orbit of an object in space. Denoted with the symbol Ω , it is the angle from a specified reference direction, called the origin of longitude , to the direction of the ascending node (☊), as ...

  6. Atmospheric lidar - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmospheric_lidar

    Atmospheric lidar is a class of instruments that uses laser light to study atmospheric properties from the ground up to the top of the atmosphere. Such instruments have been used to study, among other, atmospheric gases, aerosols, clouds, and temperature.

  7. Orbital state vectors - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orbital_state_vectors

    Orbital position vector, orbital velocity vector, other orbital elements. In astrodynamics and celestial dynamics, the orbital state vectors (sometimes state vectors) of an orbit are Cartesian vectors of position and velocity that together with their time () uniquely determine the trajectory of the orbiting body in space.

  8. Space debris - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Space_debris

    Radar and optical detectors such as lidar are the main tools for tracking space debris. Although objects under 10 cm (4 in) have reduced orbital stability, debris as small as 1 cm can be tracked, [147] [148] however determining orbits to allow re-acquisition is difficult. Most debris remain unobserved.

  9. ICESat-2 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ICESat-2

    ATLAS instrument assembly at NASA GSFC. The sole instrument on ICESat-2 is the Advanced Topographic Laser Altimeter System (ATLAS), a space-based lidar.It was designed and built at Goddard Space Flight Center, with the laser generation and detection systems provided by Fibertek.