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  2. Diphthong - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diphthong

    Narrow diphthongs are the ones that end with a vowel which on a vowel chart is quite close to the one that begins the diphthong, for example Northern Dutch [eɪ], [øʏ] and [oʊ]. Wide diphthongs are the opposite – they require a greater tongue movement, and their offsets are farther away from their starting points on the vowel chart.

  3. Old English phonology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_English_phonology

    Derivational suffixes and the second elements of compound words appear to display a wider range of vowel contrasts than inflectional suffixes: for example, a diphthong can be seen in the second syllable of the word spelled arleas [160] 'honorless' derived from the morphemes ār 'honor' and lēas 'devoid of, bereft of' (as a suffix, '-less ...

  4. Phonological history of Old English - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phonological_history_of...

    Short high vowels (/i, u/) are deleted in open syllables following a long syllable, but usually remain following a short syllable; this is part of the process of high vowel loss. Syncopation of low/mid vowels occurred after i-mutation and before high vowel loss. An example demonstrating that it occurred after i-mutation is mæġden "maiden":

  5. Middle English phonology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle_English_phonology

    For example, vowels were often lengthened in late Old English before /ld/, /nd/, /mb/, and vowels changed in complex ways before /r/ throughout the history of English. Vowels were diphthongized in Middle English before /h/ , and new diphthongs arose in Middle English by the combination of vowels with Old English w , g /ɣ/ → /w/ , and ġ /j/ .

  6. Vowel breaking - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vowel_breaking

    In Old English, two forms of harmonic vowel breaking occurred: breaking and retraction and back mutation.. In prehistoric Old English, breaking and retraction changed stressed short and long front vowels i, e, æ to short and long diphthongs spelled io, eo, ea when followed by h or by r, l + another consonant (short vowels only), and sometimes w (only for certain short vowels): [3]

  7. Phonological history of English diphthongs - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phonological_history_of...

    Although the Old English diphthongs merged into monophthongs, Middle English began to develop a new set of diphthongs.Many of these came about through vocalization of the palatal approximant /j/ (usually from an earlier /ʝ/) or the labio-velar approximant /w/ (sometimes from an earlier voiced velar fricative [ɣ]), when they followed a vowel.

  8. Latin phonology and orthography - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin_phonology_and...

    Where one word ended with a vowel (including the nasalized vowels written am em im um~(om) and the diphthong ae) and the next word began with a vowel, the former vowel, at least in verse, was regularly elided; that is, it was omitted altogether, or possibly (in the case of /i/ and /u/) pronounced like the corresponding semivowel.

  9. Vowel hiatus - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vowel_hiatus

    In Dutch and French, the second of two vowels in hiatus is marked with a diacritic (or tréma) if otherwise that combination could be interpreted as a single vowel (namely either a diphthong, a long vowel, or as having one of the vowels silent, etc.). Examples are the Dutch word poëzie ("poetry") and the French word ambiguë (feminine form of ...

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