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A few drops of the reagent are added to the test solution, which is then heated gently. A reddish-brown coloration or precipitate indicates the presence of tyrosine residue which occur in nearly all proteins. [1] The test was developed by the French chemist Auguste Nicolas Eugene Millon. Principle of Millon's test
In addition to the common amino acid L-tyrosine, which is the para isomer (para-tyr, p-tyr or 4-hydroxyphenylalanine), there are two additional regioisomers, namely meta-tyrosine (also known as 3-hydroxyphenylalanine, L-m-tyrosine, and m-tyr) and ortho-tyrosine (o-tyr or 2-hydroxyphenylalanine), that occur in nature.
The tables below provides information on the variation of solubility of different substances (mostly inorganic compounds) in water with temperature, at one atmosphere pressure. Units of solubility are given in grams of substance per 100 millilitres of water (g/(100 mL)), unless shown otherwise. The substances are listed in alphabetical order.
The following chart shows the solubility of various ionic compounds in water at 1 atm pressure and room temperature (approx. 25 °C, 298.15 K). "Soluble" means the ionic compound doesn't precipitate, while "slightly soluble" and "insoluble" mean that a solid will precipitate; "slightly soluble" compounds like calcium sulfate may require heat to precipitate.
The yellow colour is due to xanthoproteic acid which is formed due to nitration of certain amino acids, most common examples being tyrosine and tryptophan. [1] This chemical reaction is a qualitative test, determining the presence or absence of proteins. Reaction of nitration of tyrosine as an example of the xanthoproteic reaction
It should be noted that tyrosine is actually much LESS soluble in water than phenylalanine, due largely to the fact that Tyr's phenolic -OH participates in hydrogen bonding with the carboxyl group. The Merck Index cites these solubility values: Tyrosine – 0.45 mg/mL; Phenylalanine – 29.4 mg/mL.
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The complete data for Tyrosine. General information. Chemical formula: C 9 H 11 N O 3 ...