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The IV infusion should be freely flowing. The arm with the infusion should not begin to swell , "get red" , "get hot" (local temperature increase), and the patient should not notice any irritation or pain on the arm. If this occurs, extravasation management should be initiated.
Pain; Pruritis (itching) [4] Swelling [5] Induration (hardening of the skin) [6] Discoloration [6] Severe reactions may result in cutaneous necrosis at the injection site, typically presenting in one of two forms: (1) those associated with intravenous infusion or (2) those related to intramuscular injection.
As of February 2020, eptinezumab (Vyepti) was approved by the FDA for the treatment of migraine via intravenous infusion as well. [26] Three small-molecule antagonists have been approved for treatment of migraine: ubrogepant, rimegepant, and atogepant. [4] [3] [5] Ubrogepant and rimegepant are approved for acute treatment.
Rescue treatment involves acute symptomatic control with medication. [4] Recommendations for rescue therapy of migraine include: (1) migraine-specific agents such as triptans, CGRP antagonists, or ditans for patients with severe headaches or for headaches that respond poorly to analgesics, (2) non-oral (typically nasal or injection) route of administration for patients with vomiting, (3) avoid ...
[5] [6] The risk of triptan side effects is also in general low, according to a systematic review. [7] Side effects include: sensations of warmth/heat, dizziness, drowsiness, tingling of the hands or feet, nausea, dry mouth and unsteadiness, chest pain/pressure, throat pain/pressure, unusually fast/slow/irregular pulse, and mental/mood changes. [6]
Sumatriptan is effective for ending or relieving the intensity of migraine and cluster headaches. [9] It is most effective when taken early after the start of the pain. [9] Injected sumatriptan is more effective than other formulations. [10] Oral sumatriptan can be used also in the treatment of post-dural puncture headache. [11]
Opioids are not recommended for treatment of acute migraines due to their significant side effect profile, including twice the risk of medication overuse headache when compared to NSAIDS, acetaminophen or triptans. [3] In addition, their strength of efficacy has showed to be low or insufficient for pain relief of migraines. [3]
Rizatriptan, sold under the brand name Maxalt among others, is a medication used for the treatment of migraine headaches. [1] [3] It is taken by mouth. [1] [3] It can also be applied on the tongue. [2] It is a serotonin (5-HT) 1B/1D receptor agonist (triptan). [1] [2] Common side effects include chest pain, dizziness, dry mouth, and tingling. [3]
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