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More than 80 different theories or variations of theories attempting to explain the Classic Maya collapse have been identified. [9] From climate change to deforestation to lack of action by Maya kings, there is no universally accepted collapse theory, although drought has gained momentum in the first quarter of the 21st century as the leading explanation, as more scientific studies are conducted.
In the 9th century, there was a widespread political collapse in the central Maya region, resulting in civil wars, the abandonment of cities, and a northward shift of population. The Postclassic period saw the rise of Chichen Itza in the north, and the expansion of the aggressive Kʼicheʼ kingdom in the Guatemalan Highlands
The ancient metropolis was the capital of the Maya’s K’anwitznal kingdom, and during Ucanal’s peak, from roughly 630 to 1000, city settlements covered about 10 square miles (26 square ...
Relatively rapid collapse affected portions of the southern Maya area that included the southern Yucatán Peninsula, northern Chiapas and Guatemala, and the area around Copán in Honduras. The largest cities had populations numbering 50,000 to 120,000 and were linked to networks of subsidiary sites.
Archaeologists discovered ancient Maya structures hidden in the Mexican jungle, revealing insights into a civilization dating back to 200 AD.
The "Preclassic collapse" refers to the systematic decline and abandoning of the major Preclassic cities such as El Mirador around 100 AD. [6] A number of theories have been proposed to explain this collapse, but there is as little consensus here as there is for the causes of the more famous collapse leading to the Postclassic period.
As the Classic Maya collapse swept across the Maya region, city after city ceased to erect stelae recording its dynastic achievements. [113] At the important city of Calakmul, two stelae were raised in 800 and three more in 810, but these were the last and the city fell into silence. [120] At Oxkintok the last stela was raised in 859. [121]
The Central Plaza of Dos Pilas. Dos Pilas is a Pre-Columbian site of the Maya civilization located in what is now the department of Petén, Guatemala.It dates to the Late Classic Period, and was founded by an offshoot of the dynasty of the great city of Tikal in AD 629 in order to control trade routes in the Petexbatún region, particularly the Pasión River. [2]