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Canaan (/ ˈ k eɪ n ən /; Phoenician: 𐤊𐤍𐤏𐤍 – KNʿN; [1] Hebrew: כְּנַעַן – Kənáʿan, in pausa כְּנָעַן – Kənāʿan; Biblical Greek: Χαναάν – Khanaán; [2] Arabic: كَنْعَانُ – Kan'ān) was a Semitic-speaking civilization and region of the Southern Levant in the Ancient Near East during the late 2nd millennium BC.
Anatomically modern Homo sapiens are demonstrated at the area of Mount Carmel [8] in Canaan during the Middle Paleolithic dating from c. 90,000 BC.These migrants out of Africa seem to have been unsuccessful, [9] and by c. 60,000 BC in the Levant, Neanderthal groups seem to have benefited from the worsening climate and replaced Homo sapiens, who were possibly confined once more to Africa.
To the east: the eastern deserts, i.e. (from north to south) the Euphrates and the Jebel el-Bishrī area for the northern Levant, followed by the Syrian Desert east of the eastern hinterland of the Anti-Lebanon range (whose southernmost part is Mount Hermon), and Transjordan's highlands and eastern desert (also discussed at Syrian Desert, also ...
The Northern Levant is a geographical region in the Eastern Mediterranean, encompassing the northern part of the Levant, between the Mediterranean in the west and the eastern deserts, going south as far as Lebanon's Litani River.
The Levant region was inhabited by people who referred to the land as 'ca-na-na-um' as early as the mid-second millennium BC. [35] There are a number of possible etymologies for the word referred. The etymology of "Canaan" is unknown.
Over recorded history, there have been many names of the Levant, a large area in the Near East, or its constituent parts. These names have applied to a part or the whole of the Levant . On occasion, two or more of these names have been used at the same time by different cultures or sects.
The kingdoms' history is known in greater detail than that of other kingdoms in the Levant, primarily due to the selective narratives in the Books of Samuel, Kings, and Chronicles, which were included in the Bible. [1] The northern Kingdom of Israel was destroyed around 720 BCE, when it was conquered by the Neo-Assyrian Empire. [6]
This territory, known as the Levant, is roughly the areas of modern-day Israel, Palestine, Lebanon, western Jordan, and western Syria. Canaan's firstborn son was Sidon, who shares his name with the Phoenician city of Sidon in present-day Lebanon. [5] His second son was Heth. Canaan's descendants, according to the Hebrew Bible, include: Sidonians