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Vitamin K deficiency bleeding (VKDB) of the newborn, previously known as haemorrhagic disease of the newborn, [1] is a rare form of bleeding disorder that affects newborns and young infants due to low stores of vitamin K at birth. [2] It commonly presents with intracranial haemorrhage with the risk of brain damage or death. [3]
Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH), also known as intraventricular bleeding, is a bleeding into the brain's ventricular system, where the cerebrospinal fluid is produced and circulates through towards the subarachnoid space.
The swelling may obscure the fontanel and cross cranial suture lines, distinguishing it from cephalohematoma, [2] in which the bleed is confined by its subperiosteal location. [3] Patients with subgaleal hemorrhage may also have significant hyperbilirubinemia due to resorption of hemolyzed blood. Laboratory studies may demonstrate reduced ...
Germinal matrix hemorrhage is a bleeding into the subependymal germinal matrix with or without subsequent rupture into the lateral ventricle. Such intraventricular hemorrhage can occur due to perinatal asphyxia in preterm neonates .
The bleed can be very small without any significant effect on surrounding brain or large hemorrhage that exerts mass effect on adjacent brain. Follow up CT scan is recommended. Those with extension of bleed into the ventricular system, expansion of bleeding, or increasing cerebral oedema on CT scan gives poorer prognosis. CT angiography (CTA ...
The baby girl was hospitalized for "multiple skull fractures, brain bleeds, a fractured leg, and numerous other life-threatening injuries" before her death
Infants have been shown to suffer some of the "triad" symptoms of SBS—subdural hematoma, retinal hemorrhage, and brain swelling—after short falls or traumatic births, and other studies have ...
A low platelet count increases the risk of bleeding in the fetus and newborn. If the bleeding occurs in the brain, there may be long-term effects. Platelet antigens are inherited from both mother and father. NAIT is caused by antibodies specific for platelet antigens inherited from the father but which are absent in the mother. [1]
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