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A tumor marker is a biomarker that can be used to indicate the presence of cancer or the behavior of cancers (measure progression or response to therapy).
A biomarker may be used to see how well the body responds to a treatment for a disease or condition. Also called molecular marker and signature molecule." [18] In cancer research and medicine, biomarkers are used in three primary ways: [19] To help diagnose conditions, as in the case of identifying early stage cancers (diagnostic)
Prognostic markers are biomarkers used to measure the progress of a disease in the patient sample. [1] Prognostic markers are useful to stratify the patients into groups, guiding towards precise medicine discovery. The widely used prognostic markers in cancers include stage, size, grade, node and metastasis. In addition to these common markers ...
These tumor biomarkers are used to track the health of tumors, but cannot serve as the sole diagnostic for specific cancers. Examples of tumoral markers used to follow up cancer treatment are the Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA) for colorectal cancer and the Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) for prostate cancer. [34]
CEA is used as tumor biomarker that can be used for Targeted Radionuclide Therapy. The cT84.66 is a chimeric antibody of murine origin that has been tested in phase I clinical trials with 111-In and 90-Yttrium. [26] [27] 111-In and 90-Y are β- emitters that
Tumor antigen is an antigenic substance produced in tumor cells, i.e., it triggers an immune response in the host. Tumor antigens are useful tumor markers in identifying tumor cells with diagnostic tests and are potential candidates for use in cancer therapy. The field of cancer immunology studies such topics.
Therefore, the utilization of such techniques for objective tumor response should be restricted to validation purposes in specialized centers. However, such techniques can be useful in confirming complete pathological response when biopsies are obtained. Tumor markers alone cannot be used to assess response.
Pages in category "Tumor markers" The following 45 pages are in this category, out of 45 total. This list may not reflect recent changes. ...
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