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Self-experimentation refers to single-subject research in which the experimenter conducts the experiment on themself.. Usually this means that a single person is the designer, operator, subject, analyst, and user or reporter of the experiment.
Self-experimentation has value in rapidly obtaining the first results. In some cases, such as with Forssmann's experiments done in defiance of official permission, results may be obtained that would never otherwise have come to light. However, self-experiment lacks the statistical validity of a larger experiment.
Indeed, the definition of an experiment itself has changed in responses to changing norms and practices within particular fields of study. This article documents the history and development of experimental research from its origins in Galileo's study of gravity into the diversely applied method in use today.
Through self-experimentation, he set out to solve this problem by varying aspects of his lifestyle, like exercise and calcium intake. [8] After many failures to see an improvement in his sleep, he eventually discovered that delaying breakfast, seeing faces in the morning, morning light, and standing solved this problem. [ 9 ]
Moreover, Washburn's dual role as both subject and researcher could have introduced bias into the subjective reporting of hunger sensations. This potential for bias is a common criticism of self-experimentation, which, while common in early 20th-century research, raises ethical and methodological concerns by modern standards. [18]
The editorial introducing the focus theme is titled "Single Subject (N-of-1) Research Design, Data Processing, and Personal Science" [3] is co-authored by Gary Wolf, who together with Kevin Kelly coined the phrase the quantified self. In the editorial, personal science was described as "self-directed N-of-1 studies".
Neuringer is a social scientist in the field of the experimental analysis of behavior, as pioneered by B.F. Skinner. [citation needed] His areas of research include human volition studies, the generation of randomness in organisms, self-experimentation, and many other areas. [citation needed]
Human subject research is systematic, scientific investigation that can be either interventional (a "trial") or observational (no "test article") and involves human beings as research subjects, commonly known as test subjects. Human subject research can be either medical (clinical) research or non-medical (e.g., social science) research. [1]