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In car design, ground effect is a series of effects which have been exploited in automotive aerodynamics to create downforce, particularly in racing cars. This has been the successor to the earlier dominant aerodynamic focus on streamlining .
Jim Hall was a leader in the innovation and design of spoilers, wings, and ground effects. A high point was the 1966 2E Can-Am car. The 2J Can-Am "sucker car" was the first "ground-effect" car. [citation needed] The development of the Chaparral chronicles the key changes in race cars in the 1960s and 1970s in both aerodynamics and tires.
In 2000, the model is for commercial sale in China. The first buyer of Tianyi-1 used the vehicle to carry tourists around Lake Tai. Xiangzhou 1 - 7 passenger capacity wing-in-ground effect craft, 12.7 meters long, 11 meters wide and 3.9 meters tall with a maximum takeoff weight of 2.5 tons.
Ekranoplan A-90 Orlyonok. A ground-effect vehicle (GEV), also called a wing-in-ground-effect (WIGE or WIG), ground-effect craft/machine (GEM), wingship, flarecraft, surface effect vehicle or ekranoplan (Russian: экранопла́н – "screenglider"), is a vehicle that is able to move over the surface by gaining support from the reactions of the air against the surface of the earth or water.
The Chaparral 2J is a sports prototype race car, designed and developed by Jim Hall and Hap Sharp, and built by American manufacturer Chaparral. It conformed to Group 7 regulations and competed in the 1970 Can-Am Championship series. [5] [6] It is an early example of a ground effect racing car. [7] The 2J was the most unusual Chaparral.
The Lotus 88 is an innovative Formula One car designed by Colin Chapman, Peter Wright, Tony Rudd and Martin Ogilvie of Lotus in an effort to maximise the downforce produced by ground effect. The Lotus 88 made its debut at the first practice session of the 1981 season opener, the US Grand Prix West at Long Beach.
Gone are the days when 100,000 miles was a good run for a new car, these models can reach 240,000 miles and keep going. ... Ultra-Reliable Cars You Could Literally Drive Into the Ground. Rachel ...
SCCA Formula Atlantic cars are allowed wings and ground effects. They use either the Toyota 4AGE engine or the Cosworth BDD. Cars meeting Super Vee specifications were also allowed but are now rarely seen. Prior to 2006, these rules were also largely used in the professional series, except that all cars had to run a Fuel Injected 4AGE.