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Arrangement: for example, use of the golden mean or the rule of thirds; Lines; Rhythm; Illumination or lighting; Repetition (sometimes building into pattern; rhythm also comes into play, as does geometry) Perspective; Breaking the rules can create tension or unease, yet it can add interest to the picture if used carefully
In European art music, the common practice period was the period of about 250 years during which the tonal system was regarded as the only basis for composition. It began when composers' use of the tonal system had clearly superseded earlier systems, and ended when some composers began using significantly modified versions of the tonal system, and began developing other systems as well.
This stands in contrast to the practice, as for example occurs in Mozart's Italian- and German-language operas, of having a collection of songs interrupted by recitative or spoken dialogue. [4] Examples of the modern trend towards through-composed works in musical theater include the works of Andrew Lloyd Webber and Claude-Michel Schönberg.
The iamb, for example, is the most natural form of rhythm in the English language, and generally produces a subtle but stable verse. [62] Scanning meter can often show the basic or fundamental pattern underlying a verse, but does not show the varying degrees of stress , as well as the differing pitches and lengths of syllables.
Measured rhythm (additive rhythm) also calculates each time value as a multiple or fraction of a specified time unit but the accents do not recur regularly within the cycle. Free rhythm is where there is neither, [48] such as in Christian chant, which has a basic pulse but a freer rhythm, like the rhythm of prose compared to that of verse. [17]
Baroque opera arias and a considerable number of baroque sacred music arias was dominated by the Da capo aria which were in the ABA form. A frequent model of the form began with a long A section in a major key, a short B section in a relative minor key mildly developing the thematic material of the A section and then a repetition of the A section. [4]
Repetition–Repetition often uses word associations to express ideas and emotions indirectly, emphasizing a point, confirming an idea, or describing a notion. Rhyme–Rhyme uses repeating patterns to bring out rhythm or musicality in poems. It is a repetition of similar sounds occurring in lines in a poem which gives the poem a symmetric quality.
Minimal music (also called minimalism) [2] [3] is a form of art music or other compositional practice that employs limited or minimal musical materials. Prominent features of minimalist music include repetitive patterns or pulses, steady drones, consonant harmony, and reiteration of musical phrases or smaller units.