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The development and maintenance of the seminal vesicles, as well as their secretion and size/weight, are highly dependent on androgens. [ 5 ] [ 6 ] The seminal vesicles contain 5α-reductase , which metabolizes testosterone into its much more potent metabolite , dihydrotestosterone (DHT). [ 6 ]
According to one lab test manual semen volumes between 2.0 mL and 5 mL are normal; [6] WHO regards 1.4 mL as the lower reference limit. [8] Low volume, called hypospermia, may indicate partial or complete blockage of the seminal vesicles, or that the man was born without seminal vesicles. [5]
In adults, it is about the size of a walnut, [2] and has an average weight of about 11 grams (0.39 oz), usually ranging between 7 and 16 grams (0.25–0.56 oz). [3] The prostate is located in the pelvis.
The male accessory glands are the ampullary gland, seminal vesicle, prostate, bulbourethral gland, and urethral gland. [5]The products of these glands serve to nourish and activate the spermatozoa, to clear the urethral tract prior to ejaculation, serve as the vehicle of transport of the spermatozoa in the female tract, and to plug the female tract after placement of spermatozoa to help ensure ...
The human vas deferens measures 30–35 cm in length, and 2–3 mm in diameter. [3]: 1297 It is continuous proximally with the tail of the epididymis, [3]: 1296 and exhibits a tortuous, convoluted initial/proximal section (which measures 2–3 cm in length).
The seminal vesicles produce a yellowish viscous fluid rich in fructose and other substances that makes up about 70% of human semen. [5] The prostatic secretion, influenced by dihydrotestosterone, is a whitish (sometimes clear), thin fluid containing proteolytic enzymes, citric acid, acid phosphatase and lipids. [ 5 ]
An average adult testicle measures up to 5 cm × 2 cm × 3 cm (2 in × 3 ⁄ 4 in × 1 + 1 ⁄ 4 in). The Tanner scale , which is used to assess the maturity of the male genitalia, assigns a maturity stage to the calculated volume ranging from stage I, a volume of less than 1.5 cm 3 ; to stage V, a volume greater than 20 cm 3 .
Seminal vesicles: two glands behind the bladder that secrete many of the semen's components. Prostate gland: a gland located below the bladder that produces seminal fluid and helps regulate urine flow. Bulbourethral glands: add fluid to semen during ejaculation (pre-ejaculate).