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The leaves are eaten by four gall-producing insects of the genus Pachypsylla, which do not cause serious damage to the tree. A number of insects and fungi cause rapid decay of dead branches or roots of the tree. The small berries, hackberries, are eaten by a number of birds, [11] including robins and cedar waxwings, [12] and mammals. Most seeds ...
The leaves, bark, twigs, stems, and fruits are eaten by birds and mammals in small quantities. For most animals, sassafras is not consumed in large enough quantities to be important, although it is an important deer food in some areas. Carey and Gill rate its value to wildlife as fair, their lowest rating.
Hawthorn, may-tree: Crataegus monogyna: Native to Europe, northwest Africa and western Asia; naturalized elsewhere: Leaves (when young, in April), edible raw as a salad vegetable . Berries (in autumn), edible raw, or made into jellies, jams and syrups, or used as a flavoring [6] Beech: Fagus sylvatica
Ceodes umbellifera is a shrub with large, medium green leaves. Other variegated varieties exist (Ceodes umbellifera 'Variegata') with marbling of white, light and dark green on the shrub's leaves. The tree's elliptic to ovate leaves may be between 6 and 20 cm long, and 4 to 10 cm wide. [13] They are hairless and glossy with a papery texture. [3]
Besides their chemical content, the spiny leaves may also cause mechanical damage to the body. Iris sibirica: Siberian iris, Siberian flag Iridaceae: Most parts of the plant are poisonous (rhizome and leaves), if mistakenly ingested can cause stomach pains and vomiting. Also handling the plant may cause a skin irritation or an allergic reaction ...
The leaves, seeds, and the resin of the Chinese lacquer tree are sometimes used in Chinese medicine for the treatment of internal parasites and for stopping bleeding. Compounds butein and sulfuretin are antioxidants , and have inhibitory effects on aldose reductase and advanced glycation processes.
The leaves are green, and lighter on the underside. [8] The bark and leaves have a pungent scent resembling camphor when bruised, [8] due to a chemical known as umbellulone. [6] The leaves are entire and lance-shaped about 3–10 centimetres (1.2–3.9 in) long. They may substitute for the Mediterranean bay leaf in cooking.
Rhamnus cathartica is a deciduous, dioecious shrub or small tree growing up to 10 metres (33 ft) tall, with grey-brown bark and often thorny branches. The leaves are elliptic to oval, 25–90 mm (1– 3 + 1 ⁄ 2 in) long and 12–35 mm (1 ⁄ 2 – 1 + 3 ⁄ 8 in) broad; they are green, turning yellow in autumn, have toothed margins, and are arranged somewhat variably in opposite to ...