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A cerebral laceration is a type of traumatic brain injury that occurs when the tissue of the brain is mechanically cut or torn. [1] The injury is similar to a cerebral contusion; however, according to their respective definitions, the pia-arachnoid membranes are torn over the site of injury in laceration and are not torn in contusion.
The most common cause of intracranial epidural hematoma is head injury, although spontaneous hemorrhages have been known to occur. Epidural hematomas occur in about 10% of traumatic brain injuries, mostly due to car accidents, assaults, or falls. [3] They are often caused by acceleration-deceleration trauma and transverse forces. [8] [9]
The relative risk of post-traumatic seizures (PTS) increases with the severity of traumatic brain injury (TBI). [128] A CT of the head years after a traumatic brain injury showing an empty space where the damage occurred marked by the arrow. Improvement of neurological function usually occurs for two or more years after the trauma.
Focal and diffuse brain injury are ways to classify brain injury: focal injury occurs in a specific location, while diffuse injury occurs over a more widespread area.It is common for both focal and diffuse damage to occur as a result of the same event; many traumatic brain injuries have aspects of both focal and diffuse injury. [1]
Intramuscular hematoma at buttocks as a result of a sports injury Left to right: Epidural, subdural, and intracranial hematoma of the brain Hematoma of the ankle caused by a 3rd degree sprain. Subdermal hematoma (under the skin) Intramuscular hematoma (inside muscle tissue) Skull/brain: Subgaleal hematoma – between the galea aponeurosis and ...
The Glasgow Coma Scale is commonly used to assess the severity of traumatic brain injuries, including closed-head injuries. The scale tests a patient's eye, verbal, and motor responses. The scale goes up to fifteen points; with fifteen being the most mild injury, less than eight being a severe brain injury, and three being a vegetative state. [12]
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Patients may have a history of loss of consciousness but they recover and do not relapse. Clinical onset occurs over hours. Complications include focal neurologic deficits depending on the site of hematoma and brain injury, increased intracranial pressure leading to herniation of brain and ischemia due to reduced blood supply and seizures.