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In eyewitness identification, in criminal law, evidence is received from a witness "who has actually seen an event and can so testify in court". [1]The Innocence Project states that "Eyewitness misidentification is the single greatest cause of wrongful convictions nationwide, playing a role in more than 75% of convictions overturned through DNA testing."
Reinstatement is thought to improve recall as it provides memory retrieval cues. Research has demonstrated that pairing faces of suspects or words with contextual cues at the scene of the crime will enhance performance on recognition tasks. [21] [22] Therefore, it seems practical that these results can be applied to eyewitness identification.
Penrod also did a study, "Choosing, confidence, and accuracy: A meta-analysis of the confidence-accuracy relation in eyewitness identification studies," which deals with confidence of eyewitnesses. This study sought to discover the strength of correlation between confidence and accuracy for eyewitness identifying a suspect. It found that those ...
The paper also created a lot of discussions at the time it was published. [19] [20] [21] Since then Read has conducted more research in the area of false/recovered memories. [22] [23] [24] More recently Read has published more articles in the forensic field, mostly about the reliability of eyewitness testimonies and identifications. [25] [26] [27]
Through staged crime experiments involving unsuspecting participants, Wells' research has significantly shaped a scientific understanding of issues surrounding the reliability of eyewitness identification evidence, and highlighting the role that inadequate lineup procedures play in leading to mistaken eyewitness identification, and fostering ...
Dr. Pezdek is a cognitive psychologist specializing in the study of eyewitness memory. She frequently serves as an expert witness in the area of eyewitness identification and has testified on this topic in Federal, State and Superior Court cases. Her extensive research has focused on a range of topics related to Law and Psychology that apply to ...
Getting Hooked on Research in Social Psychology: Examples from Eyewitness Identification and Prejudice [14] Diagnostic and Confirmation Strategies in Trait Hypothesis Testing Co-Authors: Edward R. Hirt and Elizabeth M. Gehrke [15] Prejudice With and Without Compunction Co-Authors: Margo J. Monteith, Julia R. Zuwerink and Andre J. Elliot [16]
Research has shown that mock juries are often unable to distinguish between a false and accurate eyewitness testimony. "Jurors" often appear to correlate the confidence level of the witness with the accuracy of their testimony. An overview of this research by Laub and Bornstein shows this to be an inaccurate gauge of accuracy. [7]