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The Java virtual machine's set of primitive data types consists of: [12] byte, short, int, long, char (integer types with a variety of ranges) float and double, floating-point numbers with single and double precisions; boolean, a Boolean type with logical values true and false; returnAddress, a value referring to an executable memory address ...
If a class does not specify its superclass, it implicitly inherits from java.lang.Object class. Thus all classes in Java are subclasses of Object class. If the superclass does not have a constructor without parameters the subclass must specify in its constructors what constructor of the superclass to use. For example:
In the IEEE 754 standard, the 64-bit base-2 format is officially referred to as binary64; it was called double in IEEE 754-1985. IEEE 754 specifies additional floating-point formats, including 32-bit base-2 single precision and, more recently, base-10 representations ( decimal floating point ).
This format uses a binary significand from 0 to 10 p −1. For example, the Decimal32 significand can be up to 10 7 −1 = 9 999 999 = 98967F 16 = 1001 1000100101 1001111111 2 . While the encoding can represent larger significands, they are illegal and the standard requires implementations to treat them as 0, if encountered on input.
On some PowerPC systems, [11] long double is implemented as a double-double arithmetic, where a long double value is regarded as the exact sum of two double-precision values, giving at least a 106-bit precision; with such a format, the long double type does not conform to the IEEE floating-point standard.
For example, Java's numeric types are primitive, while classes are user-defined. A value of an atomic type is a single data item that cannot be broken into component parts. A value of a composite type or aggregate type is a collection of data items that can be accessed individually. [ 6 ]
10 0001 0000 1: byte → value push a byte onto the stack as an integer value: breakpoint ca 1100 1010 reserved for breakpoints in Java debuggers; should not appear in any class file caload 34 0011 0100 arrayref, index → value load a char from an array castore 55 0101 0101 arrayref, index, value → store a char into an array checkcast c0 ...
The following is a common set of access specifiers: [10] Private (or class-private) restricts access to the class itself. Only methods that are part of the same class can access private members. Protected (or class-protected) allows the class itself and all its subclasses to access the member. Public means that any code can access the member by ...