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Pregnant women are often confused about caffeine consumption. A new meta-analysis published in the journal BMJ Evidence-Based Medicine finds a correlation between caffeine consumption and adverse ...
Iodine levels are frequently too low in pregnant women, and iodine is necessary for normal thyroid function and mental development of the fetus, even cretinism. Pregnant women should take prenatal vitamins containing iodine. [10] Vitamin D levels vary with exposure to sunlight. While it was assumed that supplementation was necessary only in ...
The metabolism of caffeine is reduced in pregnancy, especially in the third trimester, and the half-life of caffeine during pregnancy can be increased up to 15 hours (as compared to 2.5 to 4.5 hours in non-pregnant adults). [79] Evidence regarding the effects of caffeine on pregnancy and for breastfeeding are inconclusive. [26]
The health effects of coffee include various possible health benefits and health risks. [1]A 2017 umbrella review of meta-analyses found that drinking coffee is generally safe within usual levels of intake and is more likely to improve health outcomes than to cause harm at doses of 3 or 4 cups of coffee daily.
According to the Mayo Clinic, men should drink about 15.5 cups, or 3.7 liters of fluids per day, and women should consume 11.5 cups, or 2.7 liters. Haar thus recommends replacing each caffeinated ...
This warning is echoed on the World Health Organization’s website, which states that for “women with high daily caffeine intake (more than 300 mg per day), lowering daily caffeine intake ...
Caffeine dependence can cause a host of physiological effects if caffeine consumption is not maintained. Commonly known caffeine withdrawal symptoms include headaches, fatigue, loss of focus, lack of motivation, mood swings, nausea, insomnia, dizziness, cardiac issues, hypertension, anxiety, and backache and joint pain; these can range in severity from mild to severe. [18]
For this study, researchers defined chronic caffeine consumption as drinking any caffeinated beverages — coffee, tea, soda, and energy drinks — five days during the week for more than one year.