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Neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (NAITP, NAIT, NATP or NAT) is a disease that affects babies in which the platelet count is decreased because the mother's immune system attacks her fetus' or newborn's platelets. A low platelet count increases the risk of bleeding in the fetus and newborn.
Thrombocytopenia affects a few newborns, and its prevalence in neonatal intensive care units is high. Normally, it is mild and resolves without consequences. Most cases affect preterm birth infants and result from placental insufficiency and/or fetal hypoxia.
[citation needed] Diagnosis is usually made by investigation of a newborn baby who has developed jaundice during the first week of life. Testing. Coombs - after birth, the newborn will have a direct Coombs test run to confirm antibodies attached to the infant's red blood cells. This test is run from cord blood. [5]
Hemolytic disease of the newborn, also known as hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn, HDN, HDFN, or erythroblastosis fetalis, [1] [2] is an alloimmune condition that develops in a fetus at or around birth, when the IgG molecules (one of the five main types of antibodies) produced by the mother pass through the placenta.
Hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDN) is a condition where the passage of maternal antibodies results in the hemolysis of fetal/neonatal red cells. The antibodies can be naturally occurring such as anti-A, and anti-B, or immune antibodies developed following a sensitizing event. [ 38 ]
The differential diagnosis for Congenital amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia includes thrombocytopenia-absent radius syndrome and Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome. Congenital amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia is distinguished from thrombocytopenia-absent radius syndrome on the basis of skeletal hypoplasia in the arms.
The risk of neonatal thrombocytopenia is increased with: [66] Mothers with a history of splenectomy for ITP; Mothers who had a previous infant affected with ITP; Gestational (maternal) platelet count less than 100,000/uL; It is recommended that pregnant women with thrombocytopenia or a previous diagnosis of ITP be tested for serum antiplatelet ...
Kasabach–Merritt syndrome (KMS), also known as hemangioma with thrombocytopenia, [1] is a rare disease, usually of infants, in which a vascular tumor leads to decreased platelet counts and sometimes other bleeding problems, [2] which can be life-threatening. [3] It is also known as hemangioma thrombocytopenia syndrome.