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MSI Afterburner is a graphics card overclocking (OC) and monitoring utility that allows users to monitor and adjust various settings of their graphics card. [2] Developed by MSI (Micro-Star International) and previously Alexey Nicolaychuk, developer of RivaTuner, it is widely used for enhancing the performance of graphics cards, especially in gaming and high-performance tasks.
Machine checks are a hardware problem, not a software problem. They are often the result of overclocking or overheating. In some cases, the CPU will shut itself off once passing a thermal limit to avoid permanent damage. But they can also be caused by bus errors introduced by other failing components, like memory or I/O devices.
Linux gained support for MSI and MSI-X around 2003. [20] Linux kernel versions before 2.6.20 are known to have serious bugs and limitations in their implementation of MSI/MSI-X. [21] Haiku gained support for MSI around 2010. [22] MSI-X support was added later, in 2013. [23] NetBSD 8.0 released in 2018 added support for MSI and MSI-X.
The purpose of overclocking is to increase the operating speed of a given component. [3] Normally, on modern systems, the target of overclocking is increasing the performance of a major chip or subsystem, such as the main processor or graphics controller, but other components, such as system memory or system buses (generally on the motherboard), are commonly involved.
The most striking difference between MESI and MSI is the extra "exclusive" state present in the MESI protocol. This extra state was added as it has many advantages. When a processor needs to read a block that none of the other processors have and then write to it, two bus transactions will take place in the case of MSI. First, a BusRd request ...
When an MSI-based program is launched, Windows Installer checks the existence of key paths. If there is a mismatch between the current system state and the value specified in the MSI package (e.g., a key file is missing), the related feature is re-installed. This process is known as self-healing or self-repair. No two components should use the ...
An Intel November 2008 white paper [10] discusses "Turbo Boost" technology as a new feature incorporated into Nehalem-based processors released in the same month. [11]A similar feature called Intel Dynamic Acceleration (IDA) was first available with Core 2 Duo, which was based on the Santa Rosa platform and was released on May 10, 2007.
The actual key depends on specific hardware. The settings key is most often Delete (Acer, ASRock, Asus PC, ECS, Gigabyte, MSI, Zotac) and F2 (Asus motherboard, Dell, Lenovo laptop, Origin PC, Samsung, Toshiba), but it can also be F1 (Lenovo desktop) and F10 . [50] Features present in the BIOS setup utility typically include: