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[4] Einthoven developed a sensitive form of string galvanomter that allowed photographic recording of the impulses associated with the heartbeat. He was a leader in applying the string galvanometer to physiology and medicine, leading to today's electrocardiography. [5] Einthoven was awarded the 1924 Nobel prize in Physiology or Medicine for his ...
Willem Einthoven (21 May 1860 – 29 September 1927) was a Dutch medical doctor and physiologist. He invented the first practical electrocardiograph (ECG or EKG) in 1895 and received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1924 for it ("for the discovery of the mechanism of the electrocardiogram").
Willem Johan Kolff (1911–2009), Netherlands – artificial kidney hemodialysis machine Rudolf Kompfner (1909–1977), U.S. – Traveling-wave tube Konstantin Konstantinov (1817/1819–1871), Russia – device for measuring flight speed of projectiles , ballistic rocket pendulum , launch pad , rocket-making machine
In 1901, Einthoven, working in Leiden, the Netherlands, used the string galvanometer: the first practical ECG. [93] This device was much more sensitive than the capillary electrometer Waller used. In 1924, Einthoven was awarded the Nobel Prize in Medicine for his pioneering work in developing the ECG.
However, Einthoven needed an exact way of measuring the minute amounts of current. In 1897 a French electrical engineer, Clement Ader, invented the "string galvanometer", containing a tensioned string of quartz. In 1903, Einthoven modified Ader's machine, adding electrodes attached to the patients limbs and thorax.
Williams traveled to Holland to study the methods of Willem Einthoven in 1911. [ 2 ] He constructed the first string galvanometer in America, pioneered vectorcardiography , discovered the ventricular vulnerable period, and first determined the 60-Hz current required to produce ventricular fibrillation with body-surface electrodes.
He then went on to study the heart muscles of frogs and was able to detect the electrical impulses associated with the cardiac cycles. In 1904 he met Willem Einthoven at the International Physiological Congress in Brussels and then began to make use of a string galvanometer. He published on ECGs and vagus nerve stimulation experiments on frogs ...
The electrocardiograph was impractical to use until Willem Einthoven, a Dutch physiologist, innovated the use of the string galvanometer for cardiac signal amplification. [2] Significant improvements in amplifier technologies led to the usage of smaller electrodes that were more easily attached to body parts. [ 1 ]