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Medical intervention Epidural administration A freshly inserted lumbar epidural catheter. The site has been prepared with tincture of iodine, and the dressing has not yet been applied. Depth markings may be seen along the shaft of the catheter. ICD-9-CM 03.90 MeSH D000767 OPS-301 code 8-910 [edit on Wikidata] Epidural administration (from Ancient Greek ἐπί, "upon" + dura mater) is a method ...
Diagram of epidural catheter placement. Post dural puncture headache (PDPH) is a side of effect of spinal anesthesia, where the clinician accidentally punctures the dura with the spinal needle and causes leakage of CSF. Factors such as pregnancy, having a low body mass index, being a female and young, increase the risk of dural puncture.
Spinal anaesthesia (or spinal anesthesia), also called spinal block, subarachnoid block, intradural block and intrathecal block, [1] is a form of neuraxial regional anaesthesia involving the injection of a local anaesthetic or opioid into the subarachnoid space, generally through a fine needle, usually 9 cm (3.5 in) long.
Possible side effects include sleepiness, muscle twitching, ringing in the ears, changes in vision, low blood pressure, and an irregular heart rate. [5] Concerns exist that injecting it into a joint can cause problems with the cartilage. [5] Concentrated bupivacaine is not recommended for epidural freezing. [5]
Besides, some patients might prefer an alternative to epidural analgesia because of epidural-related side effects. Epidural analgesia may lead to serious neurological complications (epidural haematoma and abscess, with an incidence of one in 1000–6000 for thoracic epidurals [2] [3] [4]) and need for preoperative placement in awake patients ...
Epidural steroid injection (ESI) is a technique in which corticosteroids and a local anesthetic are injected into the epidural space around the spinal cord in an effort to improve spinal stenosis, spinal disc herniation, or both. It is of benefit with a rare rate of major side effects.
Epidural anesthesia uses larger doses of anesthetic infused through an indwelling catheter which allows the anesthetic to be augmented should the effects begin to dissipate. Epidural anesthesia does not typically affect muscle control. Because central neuraxial blockade causes arterial and venous vasodilation, a drop in blood pressure is common ...
PDPH is a common side effect of lumbar puncture and spinal anesthesia. Leakage of cerebrospinal fluid causes reduced fluid pressure in the brain and spinal cord. Onset occurs within two days in 66% of cases and three days in 90%. It occurs so rarely immediately after puncture that other possible causes should be investigated when it does. [3]