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The clivus is an important landmark for checking for anatomical atlanto-occipital alignment. When viewed on a lateral C-spine radiograph, the clivus forms a line which, if extended, is known as Wackenheim's clivus line. Wackenheim's clivus line should pass through the dens of the axis or be tangential to it. [9]
The lateral corticospinal tract (also called the crossed pyramidal tract or lateral cerebrospinal fasciculus) is the largest part of the corticospinal tract.It extends throughout the entire length of the spinal cord, and on transverse section appears as an oval area in front of the posterior column and medial to the posterior spinocerebellar tract.
It is ring-like and consists of an anterior arch, posterior arch, and two lateral masses. The axis (C2) forms the pivot on which the atlas rotates. The most distinctive characteristic of this bone is the strong odontoid process (dens) that rises perpendicularly from the upper surface of the body and articulates with C1.
In order to prevent further injury, such people may have a collar placed by medical professionals until X-rays can be taken to determine if a cervical spine fracture exists. [5] Medical professionals will often use the NEXUS criteria and/or the Canadian C-spine rules to clear a cervical collar and determine the need for imaging.
Anteroposterior (front-back) and lateral (side) images are used to allow the physician to view the spine at multiple angles. [22] Oblique view are no longer recommended. [33] [34] In evaluating for spondylolithesis, plain radiographs provide information on the positioning and structural integrity of the spine. Therefore, if further detail is ...
Following is a list of spinal nerves and points that are characteristically belonging to the dermatome of each nerve: [4] Dermatomes of the lower limb (modified, from Fender, after Foerster) C2 – At least one cm lateral to the occipital protuberance at the base of the skull. Alternately, a point at least 3 cm (1.2 in) behind the ear.
Scoliosis (pl.: scolioses) is a condition in which a person's spine has an irregular curve [2] in the coronal plane. The curve is usually S- or C-shaped over three dimensions. [2] [7] In some, the degree of curve is stable, while in others, it increases over time. [3]
Atlas image: back_bone28 at the University of Michigan Health System - "Lumbar Vertebral Column, Posterolateral View" Anatomy figure: 02:01-09 at Human Anatomy Online, SUNY Downstate Medical Center - "Superior and lateral views of typical vertebrae." Photo of model at Waynesburg College skeleton2/inferiorarticularprocess