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In English, adverbs are usually distinguished from adjectives by the ending -ly. In German, they may be distinguished by their lack of declension, because adjectives in attributive position must be declined. Compare: ein schrecklich hoher Berg – an awfully high mountain. ein schrecklicher, hoher Berg - an awful, high mountain.
German adjectives take different sets of endings in different circumstances. Essentially, the adjectives must provide case, gender and number information if the articles do not. This table lists the various endings, in order masculine, feminine, neuter, plural, for the different inflection cases.
befreien - to free; befremdlich - strange; Befürchtung - apprehension; begehrten - coveted; begehrter - more desirable; begeistern - inspire; begeistert - excited; Begeisterung - enthusiasm; begierde - desire; beginnen - to begin; begleichen - settle; Begleiterscheinung - side effects; begnadet - gifted; begradigt - straightened; begrenzt ...
The grammar of the German language is quite similar to that of the other Germanic languages.Although some features of German grammar, such as the formation of some of the verb forms, resemble those of English, German grammar differs from that of English in that it has, among other things, cases and gender in nouns and a strict verb-second word order in main clauses.
The East German Duden records the nominalization of German words by adding the suffix-ist, borrowed from the Russian language suffix. Furthermore, additional words were recorded as a result of the increasing number of adverbs and adjectives negated with the prefix un-, such as unernst ("un-serious") and unkonkret ("un-concrete", "irreal").
German sentence structure is the structure to which the German language adheres. The basic sentence in German follows SVO word order. [1] Additionally, German, like all west Germanic languages except English, [note 1] uses V2 word order, though only in independent clauses. In dependent clauses, the finite verb is placed last.
However, most modern Germanic languages, including Dutch and German, have a more restrictive word order known as V2 word order, in which the finite verb, whether it is an auxiliary or not, is always placed second in main clauses (however not in Dutch and German subordinate clauses).
German verbs may be classified as either weak, with a dental consonant inflection, or strong, showing a vowel gradation ().Both of these are regular systems. Most verbs of both types are regular, though various subgroups and anomalies do arise; however, textbooks for learners often class all strong verbs as irregular.
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