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It has around 120–170 segments, often 135–150. The body is cylindrical in the cross section, except for the broad, flattened posterior section. Head end dark brown to reddish brown lateral, dorsal pigmentation fading towards the back. [1] The worm has a hydrostatic skeleton and moves by longitudinal and circular muscular contractions.
Eisenia fetida, known under various common names such as manure worm, [2] redworm, brandling worm, panfish worm, trout worm, tiger worm, red wiggler worm, etc., is a species of earthworm adapted to decaying organic material. These worms thrive in rotting vegetation, compost, and manure. They are epigean, rarely found in soil.
The worms require loose soil to burrow in and soil moist enough for gas exchange. [3] Further requirements include such abiotic factors as pH and temperature. Various abiotic factors are significant to Lumbricus rubellus. pH is of particular importance; a range of 5.5 to 8.7 is acceptable with a preference for neutral soils. [4]
These anemones have a stem which extends through the mud up to one meter in length, making the anemone stationary. Each anemone has up to 200 tentacles which are white, or white and brown-striped in colour, and span up to 30 cm in length. They have weak nematocysts. When disturbed, the tentacles curl up into spirals rather than retracting. [1]
Earthworms are shifting their ranges northwards into forests between 45° and 69° latitude in North America that have lacked native earthworms since the last ice age. [3] Of the 182 taxa of earthworms found in the United States and Canada, 60 (33%) are introduced species, these earthworm species are primarily from Europe and Asia.
Bipalium kewense, also known as the shovel-headed garden worm, is a species of large predatory land planarian with a cosmopolitan distribution. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It is sometimes referred to as a "hammerhead flatworm" due to its half-moon-shaped head, but this name is also used to refer to other species in the subfamily Bipaliinae .
The Formation of Vegetable Mould Through the Action of Worms, with Observations on their Habits (sometimes shortened to Worms) is an 1881 book by Charles Darwin on earthworms. [1] It was his last scientific book, and was published shortly before his death (see Darwin from Insectivorous Plants to Worms). Exploring earthworm behaviour and ecology ...
The mouth is located on the underside where it joins the thick, fleshy collar. A fold at the back of the collar overhangs the trunk, and the anus is at the tip of the trunk. The total length is up to 20 cm (8 in), the proboscis is white to beige, the collar is orange, red or reddish-green and the trunk is either brownish-green or rather pale. [2]