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Ovarian cancer is highly treatable with surgery for almost all cases with well-differentiated stage-1 tumour. [4] [33] Higher tumour grades may benefit from adjuvant treatment such as platinum-based chemotherapy. [4] [33] Optimal debulking is used to treat cases where cancer has spread to become macroscopically advanced.
A urethral bulking injection is one type of treatment for incontinence in women. Urethral bulking injections are considered by a clinician when the woman has urinary sphincter dysfunction, urethral hypermobility, persistent stress urinary incontinence after a urethral sling or urethropexy, or stress urinary incontinence in women who cannot undergo surgery due to other illnesses or conditions.
Gynecological surgery refers to surgery on the female reproductive system usually performed by gynecologists. It includes procedures for benign conditions, cancer, infertility, and incontinence. [1] Gynecological surgery may occasionally be performed for optional or cosmetic purposes, such as hymenoplasty or labiaplasty.
The large surgical incision may become infected. [1] Fever and sepsis may occur. [1] The kidneys may be damaged, usually due to reduced blood flow and ischaemia. [1] Embolisms may occur. [1] After pelvic exenteration, many patients will have perineal hernia, often without symptoms, but only 3–10% will have perineal hernia requiring surgical ...
One end of the tube has a roughly spherical metal weight surrounding the channel of the speculum. A weighted speculum is placed in the vagina during vaginal surgery with the patient in the lithotomy position. The weight holds the speculum in place and frees the surgeon's hands for other tasks. Auvard's speculum
In 1893, Howard Kelly, a gynecologist and pioneering urogynecologist, invented an air cystoscope which was simply a handheld, hollow tube with a glass partition. [1] When the American Surgical Society, later the American College of Surgeons, met in Baltimore in 1900, a contest was held between Howard Kelly and Hugh Hampton Young, who is often considered the father of modern urology. [2]
Debulking is the reduction of as much of the bulk of a tumour without the intention of a complete eradication. It is usually achieved by surgical removal. [1] [2] When performed for curative intent, it is a different procedure, which is called surgical debulking of tumors is known as cytoreduction or cytoreductive surgery [3] (CRS); "cytoreduction" refers to reducing the number of tumor cells.
Monitor the progress of labour, by reviewing the nursing chart, performing vaginal examination, and assessing the trace produced by a foetal monitoring device (the cardiotocograph) [55] Provide pain relief, either by nitrous oxide , opiates , or by epidural anaesthesia done by anaesthestists , an anaesthesiologist, or a nurse anaesthetist .