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The hydrogen sulfide gas is biochemically oxidized in the presence of moisture to form sulfuric acid. The effect of sulfuric acid on concrete and steel surfaces exposed to severe wastewater environments can be devastating. [1] In the USA alone, corrosion causes sewer asset losses estimated at $14 billion per year. [2]
Wastewater quality indicators are laboratory test methodologies to assess suitability of wastewater for disposal, treatment or reuse. The main parameters in sewage that are measured to assess the sewage strength or quality as well as treatment options include: solids, indicators of organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, indicators of fecal ...
One process utilizes fast growing nitrifiers utilizing nitrification of ammonia to nitrite and Anammox which is the denitrification of nitrite to atmospheric nitrogen using ammonia as an electron donor. The combination of the two processes allows for a more efficient conversion of ammonia and prevents a buildup of nitrate in the water.
Chemical water analysis is carried out on water used in industrial processes, on waste-water stream, on rivers and stream, on rainfall and on the sea. [1] In all cases the results of the analysis provides information that can be used to make decisions or to provide re-assurance that conditions are as expected.
Industrial wastewater treatment describes the processes used for treating wastewater that is produced by industries as an undesirable by-product. After treatment, the treated industrial wastewater (or effluent) may be reused or released to a sanitary sewer or to a surface water in the environment.
Treatment of wastewater to improve sanitation is a major challenge in developing countries, as untreated wastewater can contaminate drinking water. Anammox bacteria treatments have been implemented in treatment facilities to help convert sewage wastewater into sludge ash, which is then used as a fertilizer source for agriculture. [8]
Gypsum is easily washed away in wastewater causing a loss of concrete aggregate and exposing fresh material to acid attack. Concrete floors lying on ground that contains pyrite (iron(II) disulfide) are also at risk. As a preventive measure sewage may be pretreated to increase pH or oxidize or precipitate the sulfides in order to minimize the ...
"Succession of sulfur-oxidizing bacteria in the microbial community on corroding concrete in sewer systems". Applied and Environmental Microbiology 73, 971–980. Mansouri, H., Alavi, S. A., & Fotovat, M. "Microbial Influenced Corrosion of Corten Steel Compared to Carbon Steel and Stainless Steel in Oily Waste Water by Pseudomonas Aeruginosa".
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