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Other than rejecting or accepting different ancient Jain texts, Digambaras and Śvetāmbara differ in other significant ways such as: Śvetāmbaras trace their practices and dress code to the teachings of Parshvanatha, the 23rd tirthankara, which they believe taught only Four restraints (a claim, scholars say are confirmed by the ancient Buddhist texts that discuss Jain monastic life).
[4] [5] [6] A 1st- to 2nd–century CE water tank relief panel showing two ardhaphalaka Jain monks carrying colapatta cloth on their left hand found in the ruins of Mathura (Brooklyn Museum 87.188.5). [7] This cloth carrying tradition to cover genitalia by ancient Jain monks in principle resembles the beliefs of the Śvetāmbara. [8]
Jainism (/ ˈ dʒ eɪ n ɪ z əm / JAY-niz-əm), also known as Jain Dharma, [1] is an Indian religion.Jainism traces its spiritual ideas and history through the succession of twenty-four tirthankaras (supreme preachers of dharma), with the first in the current time cycle being Rishabhadeva, whom the tradition holds to have lived millions of years ago, the twenty-third tirthankara Parshvanatha ...
Jainism (/ˈdʒeɪnɪzəm/), traditionally known as Jain Dharma, is an ancient Indian religion. Jain dharma traces its spiritual ideas and history through a succession of twenty-four leaders or tirthankaras, with the first in current time cycle being Lord Rishabhanatha, whom the Jain tradition holds to have lived millions of years ago, the twenty-third tirthankara Parshvanatha whom historians ...
[5] [6] According to both traditions, the last kevalin was a disciple of one of the eleven chief disciples of the last tirthankara, Mahāvīra; his name is recorded as Jambuswami. [7] It is also known that no one after Jambuswami will have the ability to obtain kevala jnana for next tens of thousands of years.
Jain emblem and the "Five Vows" Mahavrata (lit. major vows) are the five fundamental observed by the Jain ascetics. Also known as the "Five Vows", they are described in detail in the Tattvartha Sutra (Chapter 7) [4] and the Acaranga Sutra (Book 2, Lecture 15). [5] According to Acharya Samantabhadra’s Ratnakaraņdaka śrāvakācāra:
Sallekhana is a vow available to both Jain ascetics and householders. [4] Historic evidence such as nishidhi engravings suggest sallekhana was observed by both men and women, including queens, in Jain history. [1] However, in the modern era, death through sallekhana has been a relatively uncommon event. [5]
Neminatha, 22nd Tirthankara: According to Jain beliefs, he lived 84,650 years before the 23rd Tirthankara, Parshvanatha. [3] He existed in the Mahabharata era and was the cousin brother of Krishna. [4] 877–777 BCE: Parshvanatha, 23rd Tirthankar of Jainism. He is the earliest Jain tirthankara who can be reliably dated. [5] [6] [7] [8]