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Vitamin E is a group of eight compounds related in molecular structure that includes four tocopherols and four tocotrienols. The tocopherols function as fat-soluble antioxidants which may help protect cell membranes from reactive oxygen species. Vitamin E is classified as an essential nutrient for humans.
The discovery of tocotrienols was first reported by Pennock and Whittle in 1964, describing the isolation of tocotrienols from rubber. [13] The biological significance of tocotrienols was clearly delineated in the early 1980s, when its ability to lower cholesterol was first reported by Asaf Qureshi and Elson in the Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. [14]
Tocopherols (/ t oʊ ˈ k ɒ f ə ˌ r ɒ l /; [1] TCP) are a class of organic compounds comprising various methylated phenols, many of which have vitamin E activity. Because the vitamin activity was first identified in 1936 from a dietary fertility factor in rats, it was named tocopherol, from Greek τόκος tókos 'birth' and φέρειν phérein 'to bear or carry', that is 'to carry a ...
The liver recognizes and preferentially re-secretes α-tocopherol into circulation, making it the most abundant vitamer of vitamin E in the blood. [2] While tocotrienols are present in lower concentrations, they have more potent antioxidant properties than α-tocopherol and can have metabolic impacts at low concentration. [4]
They also contain tocotrienols (a form of vitamin E), which have powerful cholesterol-lowering, anti-cancer, and neuroprotective properties. A 1-ounce (10-12 kernels) serving of macadamia nuts ...
tocopherols, tocotrienols: fat 15 mg/15 mg deficiency is very rare; mild hemolytic anemia in newborn infants [20] possible increased incidence of congestive heart failure. [21] [22] many fruits and vegetables, nuts and seeds, and seed oils K K 1: phylloquinone: fat AI: 110 μg/120 μg bleeding diathesis: decreased anticoagulation effect of ...
Health benefits: Few studies have examined the effects of ginger tea specifically, but various ginger preparations have been shown to help alleviate pregnancy-related nausea.
The four compounds with the saturated tails are the tocopherols, and the four compounds with the unsaturated tails are the tocotrienols. There are four unique dihydrocoumarin head sections, distinguished by one of four substitution patterns and designated as α, β, γ, or δ.
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