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Typographical symbols and punctuation marks are marks and symbols used in typography with a variety of purposes such as to help with legibility and accessibility, or to identify special cases.
The colon, :, is a punctuation mark consisting of two equally sized dots aligned vertically. A colon often precedes an explanation, a list, [1] or a quoted sentence. [2] It is also used between hours and minutes in time, [1] between certain elements in medical journal citations, [3] between chapter and verse in Bible citations, [4] and, in the US, for salutations in business letters and other ...
In logic, a set of symbols is commonly used to express logical representation. The following table lists many common symbols, together with their name, how they should be read out loud, and the related field of mathematics.
Logical equivalence is different from material equivalence. Formulas and are logically equivalent if and only if the statement of their material equivalence is a tautology.
may mean that A is a subset of B, and is possibly equal to B; that is, every element of A belongs to B; expressed as a formula, ,. 2. A ⊂ B {\displaystyle A\subset B} may mean that A is a proper subset of B , that is the two sets are different, and every element of A belongs to B ; expressed as a formula, A ≠ B ∧ ∀ x , x ∈ A ⇒ x ∈ ...
Typically, a colon is used for the eyes of a face, unless winking, in which case a semicolon is used. However, an equals sign, a number 8, a capital letter B or a capital letter X are also used to indicate normal eyes, widened eyes, those with glasses or those with crinkled eyes, respectively.
It is available in Unicode as U+02D0 ː MODIFIER LETTER TRIANGULAR COLON. If the upper triangle is used without the lower one (U+02D1 ˑ MODIFIER LETTER HALF TRIANGULAR COLON), it designates a half-long vowel or consonant. [2] The Uralic Phonetic Alphabet uses U+02F8 ˸ MODIFIER LETTER RAISED COLON. [3]
The use of equals for assignment dates back to Heinz Rutishauser's language Superplan, designed from 1949 to 1951, and was particularly popularized by Fortran: A notorious example for a bad idea was the choice of the equal sign to denote assignment. It goes back to Fortran in 1957 [a] and has blindly been copied by armies of language designers ...