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Classic autism, also known as childhood autism, autistic disorder, or Kanner's syndrome, is a formerly diagnosed neurodevelopmental disorder first described by Leo Kanner in 1943. It is characterized by atypical and impaired development in social interaction and communication as well as restricted, repetitive behaviors, activities, and interests.
Modern research generally agrees that there is a largely epigenetic etiology of autism spectrum disorders. [2] The terms refrigerator mother and refrigerator parents were coined around 1950 as a label for mothers or fathers of children diagnosed with autism or schizophrenia. Both terms are now regarded as stigmatizing, and no longer used.
Stephen Mark Shore (born September 27, 1961) is an American autistic professor of special education at Adelphi University. [1] He has written several books on autism: College for Students with Disabilities, [2] Understanding Autism for Dummies, [3] Ask and Tell, [4] and Beyond the Wall. [5]
Many causes of autism, including environmental and genetic factors, have been recognized or proposed, but understanding of the theory of causation of autism is incomplete. [1] Attempts have been made to incorporate the known genetic and environmental causes into a comprehensive causative framework. [ 2 ]
[24] [25] The ADI-R is a semi-structured parent interview that probes for symptoms of autism by evaluating a child's current behavior and developmental history. The ADOS is a semi-structured interactive evaluation of ASD symptoms that is used to measure social and communication abilities by eliciting several opportunities for spontaneous ...
The organisation was founded on 23 January 1962 as the Society for Psychotic Children by parents of autistic children living in the area, with the assistance of a member from the Spastics Society (later Scope). [3] [4] Its origins were as a self-help group involving both parents and professionals. [5]
The organization centers itself on “research, advocacy, empathy and unity” in an effort to raise awareness and funds for those in the autism community. For Kylie, the foundation’s mission is ...
The history of autism spans over a century; [1] autism has been subject to varying treatments, being pathologized or being viewed as a beneficial part of human neurodiversity. [2] The understanding of autism has been shaped by cultural, scientific, and societal factors, and its perception and treatment change over time as scientific ...