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Obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) is a mental and behavioral disorder in which an individual has intrusive thoughts (an obsession) and feels the need to perform certain routines (compulsions) repeatedly to relieve the distress caused by the obsession, to the extent where it impairs general function. [1] [2] [7]
An addiction is, by definition, a form of compulsion, and involves operant reinforcement. For example, dopamine is released in the brain's reward system and is a motive for behaviour (i.e. the compulsions in addiction development through positive reinforcement). [19] There are two main differences between compulsion and addiction.
Compulsive behavior (or compulsion) is defined as performing an action persistently and repetitively. Compulsive behaviors could be an attempt to make obsessions go away. [ 3 ] Compulsive behaviors are a need to reduce apprehension caused by internal feelings a person wants to abstain from or control. [ 4 ]
Carrying out the compulsion reduces the anxiety, but makes the urge to perform the compulsion stronger each time it recurs, reinforcing the intrusive thoughts. [7] According to Lee Baer, suppressing the thoughts only makes them stronger, and recognizing that bad thoughts do not signify that one is truly evil is one of the steps to overcoming ...
[2] OCD is a mental disorder characterized by obsessions and/or compulsions. [3] An obsession is defined as "a recurring thought, image, or urge that the individual cannot control". [4] Compulsion can be described as a "ritualistic behavior that the person feels compelled to perform". [4]
Obsessive–compulsive personality disorder (OCPD) is marked by an excessive obsession with rules, lists, schedules, and order; a need for perfection [11] that interferes with efficiency and the ability to complete tasks; a devotion to productivity that hinders interpersonal relationships and leisure time; rigidity and zealousness on matters of ...
The only diagnosis existing in DSM-5 is obsessive–compulsive disorder. [2] According to DSM-5 compulsions can be mental, but they are always repetitive actions like "praying, counting, repeating words silently". [26] DSM-5 does not have any information that searching an answer for some question can be associated with OCD. [27]
OCD is considered to be egodystonic as the thoughts and compulsions experienced or expressed are not consistent with the individual's self-perception, meaning the thoughts are unwanted, distressing, and reflect the opposite of their values, desires, and self-construct. In contrast, obsessive–compulsive personality disorder is egosyntonic, as ...