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Encephalitozoon cuniculi is a microsporidial parasite of mammals with world-wide distribution. An important cause of neurologic and renal disease in rabbits, E. cuniculi can also cause disease in immunocompromised people. Its current accepted name is Nosema cuniculi. [2]
E. cuniculi is a disease that is found worldwide and was first observed in rabbits in 1922. [4] Antibodies against E. cuniculi have been detected in many mammals. Reports of human disease are limited to immunocompromised and AIDS patients, with only the rabbit and dog strains being potentially dangerous. [6]
There is a precedent for antibiotic treatment against E. cuniculi in rabbits exhibiting symptoms of torticollis. [48] The usual drugs for treatment and prevention are the benzimidazole anthelmintics , particularly fenbendazole (also used as a deworming agent in other animal species).
Psoroptes cuniculi. The rabbit ear mite, Psoroptes cuniculi, is larger than Otodectes cynotis. It causes thick firm debris to form in the ear canal, and can eventually migrate to the skin of the outer ear and face. Symptoms include scratching and shaking of the head.
Psoroptes cuniculi infests rabbits, mainly on their outer ear. Chorioptes bovis infestations are found on cattle, sheep and horses but do not cause the severe reactions associated with Psoroptes mites. Other common psoroptic mites are in the genera Chorioptes and Otodectes. Otodectes cynotis infestations in the ears of dogs are a common problem.
Spilopsyllus cuniculi, the rabbit flea, is a species of flea in the family Pulicidae. It is an external parasite of rabbits and hares and is occasionally found on cats and dogs and also certain seabirds that nest in burrows. It can act as a vector for the virus that causes the rabbit disease myxomatosis.
Psoroptes on a rabbit ear crust Psoroptes mites are responsible for causing psoroptic mange in various animals, leading to economic losses among farmers of cattle , sheep and goats . [ 1 ] It is also known as sheep scab and cattle scab . [ 1 ]
The primary carrier of myxomatosis varies based on location; in North America and Australia, it is carried by multiple species of mosquitoes, [70] [71] [72] while in Britain its primary carrier is the rabbit flea (Spilopsyllus cuniculi). [73] Rabbit haemorrhagic disease (RHD), also known as viral haemorrhagic disease or rabbit calicivirus ...