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BCEM, also referred to as conjunctival hypermelanosis, complexion-associated melanosis, or racial melanosis, is a non-cancerous lesion of the conjunctiva that is more commonly found in dark-skinned individuals (over 90% of lesions are found in black persons and around 5% in white persons). [1]
Periorbital hyperpigmentation, also known as hereditary dark circles, is characterized by darker skin around the eyes caused by the presence of additional melanin. It is an extremely common hereditary human characteristic and is frequently found on individuals with dark skin. Periorbital hyperpigmentation is most prevalent within the 16–25 ...
The total number of genes that contribute to eye color is unknown, but there are a few likely candidates. A study in Rotterdam (2009) found that it was possible to predict eye color with more than 90% accuracy for brown and blue using just six SNPs. [16] [17] In humans, eye color is a highly sexually dimorphic trait. [18]
Any condition that causes the eyes to itch can contribute to darker circles due to rubbing or scratching the skin around them. Hay fever sufferers in particular will notice under-eye "smudges" during the height of the allergy season. Atopy can lead to frequent rubbing of the eyes, leading to local inflammation and increased pigmentation. [4]
Melanin is the protein that creates skin, eye and hair color. More melanin means darker eyes, hair or skin. The color of the melanin in the eyes is determined by three other genes, EYCL1, 2 and 3 ...
Pigment dispersion syndrome (PDS) is an eye disorder that can lead to a form of glaucoma known as pigmentary glaucoma. It takes place when pigment cells slough off from the back of the iris and float around in the aqueous humor .
An ocular albino eye appears blueish pink in color with no pigmentation at all unlike a normal eye. Carrier women have regions of hypo- and hyper-pigmentation in the fundus due to X-inactivation, and partial iris transillumination. They do not show any other symptoms exhibited by those affected by OA1.
Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is a member of a group of genetic disorders called inherited retinal dystrophy (IRD) that cause loss of vision. [1] Symptoms include trouble seeing at night and decreasing peripheral vision (side and upper or lower visual field). [1]