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Unlike the other group 2 metals, beryllium does not react with hydrogen. [3] Instead, BeH 2 is prepared from preformed beryllium(II) compounds. It was first synthesized in 1951 by treating dimethylberyllium, Be(CH 3) 2, with lithium aluminium hydride, LiAlH 4. [4] Purer BeH 2 forms from the pyrolysis of di-tert-butylberyllium, Be(C[CH 3] 3) 2 ...
Beryllium fluoride has distinctive optical properties. In the form of fluoroberyllate glass, it has the lowest refractive index for a solid at room temperature of 1.275. Its dispersive power is the lowest for a solid at 0.0093, and the nonlinear coefficient is also the lowest at 2 × 10 −14.
A polar molecule has a net dipole as a result of the opposing charges (i.e. having partial positive and partial negative charges) from polar bonds arranged asymmetrically. Water (H 2 O) is an example of a polar molecule since it has a slight positive charge on one side and a slight negative charge on the other. The dipoles do not cancel out ...
Compounds of the metallic elements usually form simple aqua ions with the formula [M(H 2 O) n] z+ in low oxidation states. With the higher oxidation states the simple aqua ions dissociate losing hydrogen ions to yield complexes that contain both water molecules and hydroxide or oxide ions, such as the vanadium(IV) species [VO(H 2 O) 5] 2+.
Beryllium iodide is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula Be I 2. It is a hygroscopic white solid. The Be 2+ cation, which is relevant to salt-like BeI 2, is characterized by the highest known charge density (Z/r = 6.45), making it one of the hardest cations and a very strong Lewis acid. [4]
The other form resembles zinc iodide with interconnected adamantane-like cages. [4] In contrast, BeF 2 is a 3-dimensional polymer, with a structure akin to that of quartz. In the gas phase, BeCl 2 exists both as a linear monomer and a bridged dimer with two bridging chlorine atoms where the beryllium atom is 3-coordinate. [5]
Only Be and Mg form nitrides directly. 3Be + N 2 → Be 3 N 2 3Mg + N 2 → Mg 3 N 2. Reaction with hydrogen. Alkaline earth metals react with hydrogen to generate saline hydride that are unstable in water. Ca + H 2 → CaH 2. Reaction with water. Ca, Sr, and Ba readily react with water to form hydroxide and hydrogen gas.
Most ionic compounds exist in the form of a crystal structure, in which the ions occupy the corners of the crystal. Such a structure is called a crystal lattice. Ionic compounds lose their crystal lattice structure and break up into ions when dissolved in water or any other polar solvent. This process is called solvation.