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Bornean orangutans are generally more solitary than Sumatran orangutans. [36] Most social bonds occur between adult females and their dependent and weaned offspring. Resident females live with their offspring in defined home ranges that overlap with those of other adult females, which may be their immediate relatives.
As a rule, primate brains are "significantly larger" than those of other mammals with similar body sizes. [4] Until well into the 19th century, juvenile orangutans were taken from the wild and died within short order, eventually leading naturalists to mistakenly assume that the living specimens they briefly encountered and skeletons of adult ...
During this time, orangutans still have constant contact with their mothers, yet they develop a stronger relationship with peers while playing in groups. They are still young and act with caution around unfamiliar adults, especially males. At 8 years of age, female orangutans are considered fully developed and begin to have offspring of their own.
[46] [47] These studies were refuted in 1943 and an adult male chimpanzee was found to pull about the same weight as an adult man. [48] Corrected for their smaller body sizes, chimpanzees were found to be stronger than humans but not anywhere near four to eight times.
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Bornean orangutan are more solitary than their Sumatran relatives. Two or three orangutans with overlapping territories may interact, but only for short periods of time. [23] Although orangutans are not territorial, adult males will display threatening behaviors upon meeting other males, and only socialize with females to mate. [24]
A wounded orangutan was seen self-medicating with a plant known to relieve pain. It's the first time an animal has been observed applying medicine to a skin injury.
Extant primates exhibit a broad range of variation in sexual size dimorphism (SSD), or sexual divergence in body size. [4] It ranges from species such as gibbons and strepsirrhines (including Madagascar's lemurs) in which males and females have almost the same body sizes to species such as chimpanzees and bonobos in which males' body sizes are larger than females' body sizes.