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[1] [2] Other side effects of progestogens may include an increased risk of breast cancer, cardiovascular disease, and blood clots. [2] At high doses, progestogens can cause low sex hormone levels and associated side effects like sexual dysfunction and an increased risk of bone fractures. [3]
The side effects of cyproterone acetate (CPA), a steroidal antiandrogen and progestin, including its frequent and rare side effects, have been studied and characterized.It is generally well-tolerated and has a mild side-effect profile, regardless of dosage, when it used as a progestin or antiandrogen in combination with an estrogen such as ethinylestradiol or estradiol valerate in women.
The most common side-effects of combined hormonal contraceptives include headache, nausea, breast tenderness, and breakthrough bleeding. Vaginal ring use can include additional side-effects including vaginal irritation and vaginal discharge. Contraceptive skin patch use can also include a side-effect of skin irritation around the patch site. [39]
[11] [12] It is taken by mouth, used under the tongue, or by injection into a muscle or fat. [10] Common side effects include menstrual disturbances such as absence of periods, abdominal pain, and headaches. [10] More serious side effects include bone loss, blood clots, allergic reactions, and liver problems. [10]
Progesterone (P4), sold under the brand name Prometrium among others, is a medication and naturally occurring steroid hormone. [20] It is a progestogen and is used in combination with estrogens mainly in hormone therapy for menopausal symptoms and low sex hormone levels in women.
It is recommended for short-term use and is given once a month by injection into a muscle. [3] Common side effects of EC/MPA include irregular menstrual periods which typically improves with time. [3] Other side effects include blood clots, headache, hair loss, depression, nausea, and breast pain. [3] [4] Use during pregnancy is not recommended ...
If used exactly as instructed, the estimated risk of getting pregnant is 0.3% which means that about 3 in 1000 women on combined oral contraceptive pills will become pregnant within one year. [40] However, typical use of combined oral contraceptive pills by users often consists of timing errors, forgotten pills, or unwanted side effects.
List of side effects of estradiol which may occur as a result of its use or have been associated with estrogen and/or progestogen therapy includes: [1] [2]. Gynecological: changes in vaginal bleeding, dysmenorrhea, increase in size of uterine leiomyomata, vaginitis including vaginal candidiasis, changes in cervical secretion and cervical ectropion, ovarian cancer, endometrial hyperplasia ...