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Solid HF consists of zig-zag chains of HF molecules. The HF molecules, with a short covalent H–F bond of 95 pm length, are linked to neighboring molecules by intermolecular H–F distances of 155 pm. [4] Liquid HF also consists of chains of HF molecules, but the chains are shorter, consisting on average of only five or six molecules. [5]
Solid Converter PDF is document reconstruction software from Solid Documents which converts PDF files to editable formats. Originally released for the Microsoft Windows operating system, a Mac OS X version was released in 2010. The current versions are Solid Converter PDF 9.0 for Windows and Solid PDF to Word for Mac 2.1.
Initially, one line (representing a single bond) is drawn between each pair of connected atoms. Each bond consists of a pair of electrons, so if t is the total number of electrons to be placed and n is the number of single bonds just drawn, t−2n electrons remain to be placed. These are temporarily drawn as dots, one per electron, to a maximum ...
The bifluoride ion has a linear, centrosymmetric structure (D ∞h symmetry), with an F−H bond length of 114 pm. [1] The bond strength is estimated to be greater than 155 kJ/mol. [2] In molecular orbital theory, the atoms are modeled to be held together by a 3-center 4-electron bond (symmetrical hydrogen bond), [3] in a sort of hybrid between a hydrogen bond and a covalent bond.
Date/Time Thumbnail Dimensions User Comment; current: 05:20, 8 July 2012: 442 × 424 (42 KB): Jkwchui: Increased font size for solid-liquid per TCO's request in Graphics Lab.
Spartan is a molecular modelling and computational chemistry application from Wavefunction. [2] It contains code for molecular mechanics, semi-empirical methods, ab initio models, [3] density functional models, [4] post-Hartree–Fock models, [5] and thermochemical recipes including G3(MP2) [6] and T1. [7]
The W–F bond distances are 183.2 pm. [6] Between 2.3 and 17 °C , tungsten hexafluoride condenses into a colorless liquid having the density of 3.44 g/cm 3 at 15 °C . [ 7 ] At 2.3 °C it freezes into a white solid having a cubic crystalline structure, the lattice constant of 628 pm and calculated density 3.99 g/cm 3 .
Uranium dioxide is converted with hydrofluoric acid (HF) to uranium tetrafluoride: [4] UO 2 + 4 HF → UF 4 + 2 H 2 O. In samples contaminated with uranium trioxide, the oxyfluoride is produced in the HF step: UO 3 + HF → UF 2 O 2 + H 2 O. The resulting UF 4 is subsequently oxidized with fluorine to give the hexafluoride: UF 4 + F 2 → UF 6