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Brainstem death is a clinical syndrome defined by the absence of reflexes with pathways through the brainstem – the "stalk" of the brain, which connects the spinal cord to the mid-brain, cerebellum and cerebral hemispheres – in a deeply comatose, ventilator -dependent patient. Identification of this state carries a very grave prognosis for ...
Brain death is the permanent, irreversible, and complete loss of brain function, which may include cessation of involuntary activity necessary to sustain life. [1][2][3][4] It differs from persistent vegetative state, in which the person is alive and some autonomic functions remain. [5] It is also distinct from comas as long as some brain and ...
Zika fever, also known as Zika virus disease or simply Zika, is an infectious disease caused by the Zika virus. [1] Most cases have no symptoms, but when present they are usually mild and can resemble dengue fever. [1][4] Symptoms may include fever, red eyes, joint pain, headache, and a maculopapular rash. [1][2][3] Symptoms generally last less ...
Anencephaly. Death typically occurs within hours to days after birth. Anencephaly is the absence of a major portion of the brain, skull, and scalp that occurs during embryonic development. [1] It is a cephalic disorder that results from a neural tube defect that occurs when the rostral (head) end of the neural tube fails to close, usually ...
Of the twelve viable children known to be delivered from brain dead mothers on prolonged somatic support between 1982 and 2010, the mean gestational age at the time of brain death was 22 weeks and the mean gestational age at delivery was 29.5 weeks, leading to an average length of somatic support for the mothers in the ICU of 7.5 weeks (52.5 days).
For the first time, researchers have mapped out the very real physical changes of “pregnancy brain,” the changes that a mother’s brain undergoes while carrying a baby. There’s “so much ...
The risk of death from an intraparenchymal bleed in traumatic brain injury is especially high when the injury occurs in the brain stem. [48] Intraparenchymal bleeds within the medulla oblongata are almost always fatal, because they cause damage to cranial nerve X, the vagus nerve, which plays an important role in blood circulation and breathing ...
Per the United Kingdom Medical Royal Colleges, a diagnosis of brain death is a two-fold process including 1) identifying the cause of irreversible brain damage and excluding reversible causes of brain damage and 2) conducting a series of clinical and laboratory tests to assess brain stem function. [7] [8]