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Metastasis is a pathogenic agent's spread from an initial or primary site to a different or secondary site within the host's body; [1] the term is typically used when referring to metastasis by a cancerous tumor. [2] The newly pathological sites, then, are metastases (mets). [3][4] It is generally distinguished from cancer invasion, which is ...
The tumor microenvironment is a complex ecosystem surrounding a tumor, composed of cancer cells, stromal tissue (including blood vessels, immune cells, fibroblasts and signaling molecules) and the extracellular matrix. [2][3][4][5] Mutual interaction between cancer cells and the different components of the tumor microenvironment support its ...
Circulating tumor cell. An illustration depicting primary tumor (in the form of tumor microenvironment) and the circulating tumor cells. A circulating tumor cell (CTC) is a cell that has shed into the vasculature or lymphatics [1] from a primary tumor and is carried around the body in the blood circulation. CTCs can extravasate and become seeds ...
The ability to invade surrounding tissue and metastasise is a hallmark of cancer. The hallmarks of cancer were originally six biological capabilities acquired during the multistep development of human tumors and have since been increased to eight capabilities and two enabling capabilities. The idea was coined by Douglas Hanahan and Robert ...
Clonally transmissible cancer. A transmissible cancer is a cancer cell or cluster of cancer cells that can be transferred between individuals without the involvement of an infectious agent, such as an oncovirus. [1][2] The evolution of transmissible cancer has occurred naturally in other animal species, but human cancer transmission is rare. [2 ...
Tumors of the hematopoietic and lymphoid tissues (American English) or tumours of the haematopoietic and lymphoid tissues (British English) are tumors that affect the blood, bone marrow, lymph, and lymphatic system. [1][2] Because these tissues are all intimately connected through both the circulatory system and the immune system, a disease ...
Cancer is a group of diseases involving abnormal cell growth with the potential to invade or spread to other parts of the body. [ 2 ][ 7 ] These contrast with benign tumors, which do not spread. [ 7 ] Possible signs and symptoms include a lump, abnormal bleeding, prolonged cough, unexplained weight loss, and a change in bowel movements. [ 1 ]
D058750. Anatomical terminology. [edit on Wikidata] The epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a process by which epithelial cells lose their cell polarity and cell–cell adhesion, and gain migratory and invasive properties to become mesenchymal stem cells; these are multipotent stromal cells that can differentiate into a variety of cell ...