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These compounds contribute to various physical and chemical properties of the wood, such as wood color, fragnance, durability, acoustic properties, hygroscopicity, adhesion, and drying. [36] Considering these impacts, wood extractives also affect the properties of pulp and paper, and importantly cause many problems in paper industry.
Wood science. Wood science[1] is the scientific field which predominantly studies and investigates elements associated with the formation, the physical and chemical composition, and the macro- and microstructure of wood as a bio-based and lignocellulosic material. Wood science additionally delves into the biological, chemical, physical, and ...
The physical properties of any material are determined by its chemical structure. Wood contains an abundance of chemical groups called free hydroxyls. Free hydroxyl groups readily absorb and release water according to changes in the climatic conditions to which they are exposed. This is the main reason why wood's dimensional stability is ...
Wood grain is the longitudinal arrangement of wood fibers [1] or the pattern resulting from such an arrangement. [2] R. Bruce Hoadley wrote that grain is a "confusingly versatile term" with numerous different uses, including the direction of the wood cells (e.g., straight grain, spiral grain), surface appearance or figure, growth-ring placement (e.g., vertical grain), plane of the cut (e.g ...
A material property is an intensive property of a material, i.e., a physical property or chemical property that does not depend on the amount of the material. These quantitative properties may be used as a metric by which the benefits of one material versus another can be compared, thereby aiding in materials selection.
Wood anatomy is a scientific sub-area of wood science, [1] which examines the variations in xylem anatomical characteristics across trees, shrubs, and herbaceous species to explore inquiries related to plant function, growth, and the environment. [2][3] Extensive study of the wood structure helps also in macroscopically or microscopically ...
Mahogany also resists wood rot, making it attractive in boat construction and outdoor decking. It is a tonewood , [ 47 ] often used for musical instruments, particularly the backs, sides and necks of acoustic guitars, electric guitar bodies, [ 48 ] and drum shells because of its ability to produce a very deep, warm tone compared to other ...
Plywood. Softwood plywood made from spruce. The principle of making plywood. Plywood is a composite material manufactured from thin layers, or "plies", of wood veneer that have been stacked and glued together. It is an engineered wood from the family of manufactured boards, which include plywood, medium-density fibreboard (MDF), oriented strand ...