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  2. Offline root certificate authority - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Offline_Root_Certificate...

    However, it is possible to move certificate validation functionality into a dedicated validation authority authorized by the offline root CA. To better understand how an offline root CA can greatly improve the security and integrity of a PKI, it is important to realize that a CRL is specific to the CA which issued the certificates on the list.

  3. Certificate authority - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Certificate_authority

    The client uses the CA certificate to authenticate the CA signature on the server certificate, as part of the authorizations before launching a secure connection. [3] Usually, client software—for example, browsers—include a set of trusted CA certificates. This makes sense, as many users need to trust their client software.

  4. Root certificate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Root_certificate

    In cryptography and computer security, a root certificate is a public key certificate that identifies a root certificate authority (CA). [1] Root certificates are self-signed (and it is possible for a certificate to have multiple trust paths, say if the certificate was issued by a root that was cross-signed) and form the basis of an X.509-based ...

  5. X.509 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X.509

    In the X.509 system, there are two types of certificates. The first is a CA certificate. The second is an end-entity certificate. A CA certificate can issue other certificates. The top level, self-signed CA certificate is sometimes called the Root CA certificate. Other CA certificates are called intermediate CA or subordinate CA certificates.

  6. Online Certificate Status Protocol - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Online_Certificate_Status...

    Alice and Bob have public key certificates issued by Carol, the certificate authority (CA).; Alice wishes to perform a transaction with Bob and sends him her certificate. Bob, concerned that Alice's private key may have been compromised, creates an 'OCSP request' that contains Alice's certificate serial number and sends it to Carol.

  7. Certificate revocation list - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Certificate_revocation_list

    CRL for a revoked cert of Verisign CA. There are two different states of revocation defined in RFC 5280: Revoked A certificate is irreversibly revoked if, for example, it is discovered that the certificate authority (CA) had improperly issued a certificate, or if a private-key is thought to have been compromised.

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  9. DNS Certification Authority Authorization - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNS_Certification...

    A series of incorrectly issued certificates from 2001 onwards [1] [2] damaged trust in publicly trusted certificate authorities, [3] and accelerated work on various security mechanisms, including Certificate Transparency to track misissuance, HTTP Public Key Pinning and DANE to block misissued certificates on the client side, and CAA to block misissuance on the certificate authority side.