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Most proximal humerus fractures are stable and can be treated without surgery. [8] Typical non-operative treatment consists of shoulder immobilization with a sling. Close follow-up and weekly x-rays are recommended in order to ensure that the fracture is healing and maintaining good alignment.
The cause of a humerus fracture is usually physical trauma such as a fall. [1] Other causes include conditions such as cancer in the bone. [2] Types include proximal humeral fractures, humeral shaft fractures, and distal humeral fractures. [1] [2] Diagnosis is generally confirmed by X-rays. [2]
It is vulnerable to injury with fractures of the humeral shaft as it lies in very close proximity to the bone (it descends within the spiral groove on the posterior aspect of the humerus). Characteristic findings following injury will be as a result of radial nerve palsy (e.g. weakness of wrist/finger extension and sensory loss over the dorsum ...
Extension type of supracondylar humerus fractures typically result from a fall on to an outstretched hand, usually leading to a forced hyperextension of the elbow. The olecranon acts as a fulcrum which focuses the stress on distal humerus (supracondylar area), predisposing the distal humerus to fracture. The supracondylar area undergoes ...
Colombo et al. (2020) found that there are better results in mechanical traction therapy when compared to manual traction therapy. Furthermore, continuous traction was found to have a greater significance than intermittent traction. The suggested delivery of traction therapy was found to be mechanical traction with continuous traction. [6]
Hill–Sachs lesions have been classified as "engaging" or "non-engaging", with engaging lesions defined by the ability of the glenoid to sublux into the humeral head defect during abduction and external rotation. Engaging dislocations have a higher risk of recurrent anterior dislocation, and their presence can help guide surgical management. [2]
Medical history (the patient tells the doctor about an injury). For shoulder problems the medical history includes the patient's age, dominant hand, if injury affects normal work/activities as well as details on the actual shoulder problem including acute versus chronic and the presence of shoulder catching, instability, locking, pain, paresthesias (burning sensation), stiffness, swelling, and ...
A fracture in this area is most likely to cause damage to the axillary nerve and posterior circumflex humeral artery. Damage to the axillary nerve affects function of the teres minor and deltoid muscles, resulting in loss of abduction of arm (from 15-90 degrees), weak flexion, extension, and rotation of shoulder as well as loss of sensation of ...